Appendix

 

 

From the Scriptures

 

General:

 

Two kinds of abundance (vepulla), A.I.93

    1. Abundance of material things
    2. Abundance of virtues or knowledge

 

Two kinds of happiness (sukha), A.I.80

    1. Happiness dependent on material things
    2. Happiness that is independent of material things; spiritual happiness

 

The eight worldly conditions (lokadhamma), A.IV.157

    1. Gain
    2. Loss
    3. Honor
    4. Obscurity
    5. Praise
    6. Blame
    7. Happiness
    8. Suffering

 

Personal practice:

 

Ten bases of meritorious action (puññakiriyavatthu), D.A.III.999; Comp.146

    1. Generosity
    2. Morality
    3. Mental development
    4. Humility
    5. Service
    6. Sharing merit
    7. Rejoicing in the merit of others
    8. Listening to the True Teaching
    9. Teaching the True Teaching
   10. Straightening out one's views

 

Four virtues of a good householder (gharavasa-dhamma), S.I.215; Sn.189

    1. Honesty
    2. Self-discipline
    3. Forbearance
    4. Generosity

 

Four pathways to ruin (abhayamukha), A.IV.283

    1. Debauchery
    2. Drunkenness
    3. Gambling
    4. Bad company

 

Five kinds of wrongful trade (vanijja), A.III.207

    1. Trade in weapons
    2. Trade in human beings
    3. Trade in flesh (animals for meat)
    4. Trade in spirits (and drugs)
    5. Trade in poison

 

The ten levels of householders (kamabhogi -- those who enjoy sense pleasures), S.IV.331; A.V.176

    1. Those who seek wealth unlawfully, and in so doing provide happiness neither for themselves nor for others; they do not share it and they perform no meritorious deeds.
   
    2. Those who seek wealth unlawfully, and in so doing provide happiness for themselves, but not for others; they do not share it and they perform no meritorious deeds.
   
    3. Those who seek wealth unlawfully, and in so doing provide happiness for themselves; they share it with others and perform meritorious deeds.
   
    4. Those who seek wealth both lawfully and unlawfully, and in so doing provide happiness neither for themselves nor for others; they do not share it and they perform no meritorious deeds.
   
    5. Those who seek wealth both lawfully and unlawfully, and in so doing provide happiness for themselves, but not for others; they do not share it and they perform no meritorious deeds.
   
    6. Those who seek wealth both lawfully and unlawfully, and in so doing provide happiness for themselves, share it with others and perform meritorious deeds.
   
    7. Those who seek wealth lawfully, and in so doing provide happiness neither for themselves nor others; nor do they share it or perform meritorious deeds.
   
    8. Those who seek wealth lawfully, and in so doing provide happiness for themselves, but not for others; they do not share it and they perform no meritorious deeds.
   
    9. Those who seek wealth lawfully, and in so doing provide happiness for themselves and others; they share it and perform meritorious deeds -- but they are still attached to and infatuated with their wealth, are heedless of its dangers, and lack the insight to achieve spiritual freedom.
   
    10. Those who seek wealth lawfully, and in so doing provide happiness for themselves and others; they share it and perform meritorious deeds -- moreover, they are not attached to or infatuated with their wealth, they are heedful of its dangers, and they possess the insight that leads to spiritual freedom.

 

On wealth:

 

Fourfold division of wealth (bhogavibhaga), D.III.188

    1. One part to be used for conduct of daily life and fulfilling obligations
    2-3. Two parts to be invested in expanding business enterprises
    4. One part to be put aside for a rainy day

 

Five uses to which wealth can be put (bhoga-adiya), A.III.45

    1. Comfortable support of oneself, one's family and dependents
    2. Sharing with one's friends and associates
    3. Investment against future misfortune
    4. The fivefold offering
        a. To relatives
        b. To guests (in reception)
        c. To the departed (by dedicating merits)
        d. To the government (i.e., taxes etc.)
        e. To the deities (according to one's faith)
    5. Support of spiritual teachers and virtuous monks

 

Five kinds of meanness (macchariya), D.III.234; A.III.271; Vbh.357

    1. Meanness as to dwelling place (begrudging a dwelling to others)
    2. Meanness as to family (begrudging others' acquaintance with one's influential connections)
    3. Meanness as to gain (begrudging or thwarting the gains of others)
    4. Meanness as to recognition (begrudging recognition or praise given to others)
    5. Meanness as to knowledge or abilities (not sharing one's knowledge with others)

 

Social:

 

Four bases of social harmony (sangahavatthu), D.III.152, 232; A.II.32, 248; A.IV.218, 363

    1. Generosity
    2. Kindly speech
    3. Service
    4. Participation

 

Four bases of social harmony for a king (raja-sangahavatthu), S.I.76; A.II.42; IV.151; It.21; Sn.303; S.A.I.145; Sn.A.321

    1. Shrewdness in agriculture
    2. Shrewdness in promotion of government officials
    3. Skillful bestowal of favors
    4. Kindly and pleasing speech

 

Five ways an employer/master should serve his employees/servants, D.III.189-192

    1. By assigning them work in accordance with their capabilities
    2. By giving them due wages
    3. By providing care in times of sickness
    4. By sharing occasional luxuries
    5. By giving them holidays at suitable times

 

Five ways an employee/servant should serve his employer/master, D.III.189-192

    1. By getting up before him to work
    2. By finishing work after him
    3. By taking only what is given
    4. By doing his work well
    5. By spreading the good reputation of his employer

 

The seven conditions for community welfare (aparihaniyadhamma), D.II.73; A.IV.15

    1. To hold regular and frequent meetings
    2. To meet together in harmony, disperse in harmony, and conduct business and duties in harmony
    3. To introduce no new ordinances, to break up no established ordinances, but to abide by the original principles
    4. To honor and respect the elders and listen to their counsel
    5. To honor the womenfolk of the community, not to abuse them
    6. To honor the shrines worshipped by the community and not to neglect the ceremonies to be conducted for them
    7. To provide rightful protection, shelter and support for the Arahants (enlightened beings) and to welcome them to the community

 

The ten virtues or duties of a king (rajadhamma), J.V.378

    1. Charity, generosity
    2. Morality
    3. Altruism
    4. Honesty
    5. Kindness
    6. Self-control
    7. Non-anger
    8. Nonviolence
    9. Forbearance
   10. Uprightness

 

The twelve duties of a universal emperor (cakkavatti-vatta), D.III.61

    1. Rule by righteousness
        Provision of ward and protection to
            2. Those in the emperor's immediate circle
            3. The armed forces
            4. Governors and administrative officers
            5. Royal dependents, civil servants
            6. Brahmins, householders, craftsmen, traders
            7. Town and country dwellers
            8. Religious devotees
            9. Beasts and birds
   10. Prevention of wrongdoing in the Kingdom
   11. Distribution of wealth to the poor
   12. Seeking advice from sages, aspiring to greater virtue

 

D. = Digha Nikaya (3 vols.)
A. = Anguttara Nikaya (5 vols.)
S. = Samyutta Nikaya (5 vols.)
Vin. = Vinaya Pitaka (5 vols.)
Vism. = Visuddhimagga
Comp. = Compendium of Philosophy (Abhidhammatthasangaha)

 


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