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Journal of Buddhist Ethics  Vol.2 1995 pp.1-2.

Book Review

(Copyright Roger Farrington 1995)

TWO RECENT INDIAN BOOKS ON BUDDHIST ETHICS

_Perspectives on Buddhist Ethics_ Prof.Mahesh Tiwary (ed.) Department
of Buddhist Studies, Delhi University, 1989. Rs 150.00.

_Theravaada Buddhist Ethics with special reference to
//Visuddhimagga//_. Dr Vyanjana. Punthi Pustak, Calcutta, 1992. Rs
275.00.


Neither of these books is an addition to scholarship, though the first
may be of some value to the student.

_Perspectives on Buddhist Ethics_ is a collection of sixteen papers
edited by the Professor of Buddhist Studies at Delhi University. These
deal with a variety of topics, mostly of Theravaada provenance, with
some reference to the Tibetan and Chinese. The student with some
knowledge of "basic" Buddhism and with a concern with morality, may
well find help here. There are papers worth reading on the four
//paaraajika// rules, on //aasava//, on the concept of //siila//, on
the five precepts, on ethical norms for householders (a distillation
of the //Sigaalovaada Sutta//), on ethical norms in the chapter hall
(a presentation of the rules for the collective functioning of the
Sangha), and on the A"sokan inscriptions. There is also a paper
entitled "Buddha's Analytical Ethics" which might be useful as a
corrective to Indian students inclined to see Buddhism as simply a
Hindu derivation. And there are points of interest in some of the
other papers not referred to above.

What has to be said is that there is almost no attempt to go beyond a
simple presentation of a topic. The approach is that of simple
advocacy, with little depth in its treatment of other views, where
these are entertained at all. Where just occasionally there is a
philosophical reference, its treatment is that of the textbook, too
compressed and over-simplified to add much. This sentence from the
first paper, "Buddhist Ethics - a brief appraisal", is an example:
"Thus, like Kant, Buddha also holds that the only thing which
possesses immense value is 'the good will', the will freely determined
by the moral law." To be fair, one wonders if "immense" is a misprint
for "intrinsic": the book is riddled with misprints.

With its considerable limitations, _Perspectives on Buddhist Ethics_
serves a purpose, although it is not immediately obvious what this is.
A reader coming to the subject from a position of ignorance will find
a more or less accurate distillation of the ethical content of the
Pali Canon laid out in a way that makes plain its intimate connection
with the other main components of Theravaada Buddhist doctrine. So far
so good. But there are many other popular books that do this, and
generally do it better than it is done here. Our hypothetical beginner
would do well to stay with what is already available, for instance
Saddhatissa's _Buddhist Ethics_, on which this book leans heavily,


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rather than turn to something often confusing and repetitive.

One illustration of these flaws must suffice. There are several
presentations of the five, eight and ten precepts, each made as if for
the first time, suggesting that the book is an amalgamation of
separate drafts. These are given with minor, thought confusing,
differences and without the different form of the third precept in the
eight and ten-fold versions always being made clear. Such things
greatly limit the book's value as a textbook, and I cannot see that it
has much other value. It, too, is poorly produced.


Roger Farrington
Goldsmiths College
London