PaÂicca-samupp¤da: [p.+samupp¤da...] "arising on the grounds of (a preceding cause^[1])" happening by way of cause, working of cause and effect, causal chain of causation; causal genesis, dependent origination, theory of the twelve causes... The general formula runs thus: Imasmiµ sati, idaµ hoti, imass' upp¤d¤, idaµ uppajjati; imasmiµ asati, idaµ na hoti; imassa nirodh¤, idaµ nirujjhati. This being, that becomes; from the arising of this, that arises; this not becoming, that does not become: from the ceasing of this, that ceases M II.32; S II.28 etc. The term usually occurs applied to dukkha in a famous formula which expresses the Buddhist doctrine of evolution, the respective stages of which are conditioned by a preceding cause and constitute themselves the cause of resulting effect, as working out the next state of the evolving (shall we say) "individual" or "being," in short the bearer of evolution. The respective links in this chain which to study and learn is the first condition for a "Buddhist" to an understanding of life, and the cause of life, and which to know forward and backward...is indispensable for the student, are as follows. The root of all, primary cause of all existence, is avijj¤ ignorance; this produces sankh¤r¤: karma..., which in their turn give rise to vi¾¾¤¼a...consciousness,..., then follow in succession the foll. stages: n¤mar¬pa individuality (mind and body...; name and form...), sa²¤yatana the senses (6 organs of sense...), phassa contact, vedan¤ feeling, ta¼h¤ thirst for life (craving), up¤d¤na clinging to existence or attachment (...grasping...), bhava (action or character...renewed existence...), j¤ti birth (rebirth conception...), jar¤mara¼a (+soka-parideva-dukkhadomanass' ¬pay¤s¤) old age and death (+tribulation, grief, sorrow, distress and despair).
The PaÂicca-samupp¤da is also called the Nid¤na ("basis," or "ground," i. e. cause) doctrine, or the Paccay' ¤k¤ra ("related-condition"), and is referred to in the Suttas as Ariya-¾¤ya ("the noble method or system"). The term paccay' ¤k¤ra is late and occurs only in Abhidhamma-literature. - The oldest account is found in the Mah¤pad¤na Suttanta of the D¨gha Nik¤ya (D II.30 sq.; cp. Dial. II.24 sq.), where 10 items form the constituents of the chain, and are given in backward order, reasoning from the appearance of dukkha in this world of old age and death towards the original cause of it in vi¾¾¤¼a. The same chain occurs again at S II.104 sq. - A later development shows 12 links, viz. avijj¤ and sankh¤r¤ added to precede vi¾¾¤¼a (as above)^[2]. Thus at S II.5 sq. ... Some passages selected for ref.: Vin I.1 sq.; M I.190, 257; S I.136; II.1 sq., 26 sq., 42 sq., 70, 92 sq., 113 sq.; AI.177; V.184;...

Pacceti [paÂi+i] to come on to, come back to, fig. fall back on, realise, find one's hold in D I.186...ger. paÂicca.

PaÂi [Ved, prati, to Idg. *preti as in Lat. pretium (fr. *pretios) "price" (cp. precious), i. e. equivalent; Gr. pre/s (aeol.), proti/, pro/s against] directional prefix in well-defined meaning of "back (to), against, towards, in opposition to, opposite." As preposition (with acc. and usually postponed) towards, near by, at; usually spelt pati...; J I.457 (paÂi suriyaµ thatv¤ standing facing the sun)... The composition (assimilation-) form before vowels is pacc- Meanings. I. (lit.) "back," in the sense of: (1) against, in opposition..., contrary: viz. (a) often with the implication of a hostile attack (anti-. against): -ka¼Âaka, -kosati (re-ject), -k¬la, -khipati (re-fuse, op-pose), -gha, -codeti (re-prove), thambhati, -dis¤, -deseti, -pakkha, -patha, -piµsati, -p¨²ita, -magga, -manteti, -yodha (at-tack), -vacana (re-ply), -vadati, -vedeti, -sattu (enemy), -su¼¤ti, -hata; - (b) warding off, protecting against (counter-, anti-): -kara (antidote), -sedhati (ward-off). - (c) putting against, setting off in a comparison (counter-, rival): -puggala (one's equal), -purisa (rival), -bala (adequate), -bimba (counterpart), -bh¤ga (id.); -malla (rival wrestler), -sama, -s¤sana, -s¬ra, -seÂÂha; - (d) close contact (against, be-): -kujjita (covered), -g¤dha, -channa ("be-deckt") -vijjhana. - (2) in return, in exchange (in revenge) -akkosati, -¤neti, -katheti, -karoti, -k¬Âa1, -kkamati, -kham¤peti, -g¤ti (sing in response), -g¨ta, -da¼Àa (retribution), -dad¤ti, -d¤na, -niv¤sana, -pa¼¼a (in reply), -pasa¸sati, -pi¼Àa, -pucchati (ask in return), -m¤reti (kill in revenge), -bha¼Àa (goods in exchange), -bha¼Àati (abuse in return) -rodana, -roseti, -vera (revenge), -sammodeti, -s¤theyya. - (3) (temporal) again, a second time (re-): -dasseti (re-appear), -nijjhatta, -nivattati, -pavesati, -p¤katika (re-stored), -bujjhati, -vinicchinati, -sa¾j¨vita (re-suscitated), -sandhi (re-incarnation), -sammajjati. - (4) away from, back to (esp. in compn paÂivi-): -kuÂati (shrink back), -gh¤ta (repulsion), -dh¤vati, -neti, -pa¼¤meti (send away), -bandhati (hold back), -b¤hati (id.), -vijacchati, -vineti, -vinodeti (drive out), -virata, -sa¸harati, -sall¨na, -sutta, -sumbhita. - II. (applied, in reflexive sense): (1) to, on to, up to, towards, at-: -oloketi (look at), -gijjha (hankering after) -ggaha, -j¤n¤ti -p¬jeti, -peseti (send out to), -baddha (bound to), -bhaya, -yatta, -r¬pa, -laddha, -labhati (at-tain), -l¤bha -lobheti, -s¤meti, -sevati (go after), -ssata. (2) together (con-, com-), esp. combd with -sa¸-; -sa¸yujati; -passaddha, -ma¼Àita, -sankharoti, -santh¤ra. - (3) asunder, apart ("up"): -kopeti (shake up), -viµsa (part), -vibhatta (divided up). (4) secondary, complementary, by-, sham (developed out of meaning I. 1 c.): -n¤sik¤ (a false nose), -s¨saka (sham top knot); esp. freq. in redupl. (iterative) cpds., like anga-paccanga (limbandby-limb, i. e. all kinds of limbs), vata-paÂivatta (duties and secondary duties, all duties). In the latter application paÂi resembles the use of ¤, which is more frequent (see ¤5)....