1. Gaddula Sutta (v.l. Baddula).-Incalculable is the beginning of samsára and the untaught puthujjana, having wrong notions of self, revolve from birth to birth, like a dog tied by a leash to a pillar or stake round which it unceasingly chases. S.iii.149.
2. Gaddula Sutta.-Just as a dog tied by a leash to a strong pillar cannot escape, so the untaught puthujjanas cannot escape from the five khandhas. Mind is even more diverse than a show piece (caranacitta).
As a painter fashions all kinds of likenesses, so the puthujjana creates and recreates the five khandas. S.iii.151f.