An island, probably near Ceylon, the monks of which enjoyed a reputation for extreme holiness. When Dutthagámaní, fleeing from Cúlanganiyapitthi, wished to give alms though having so little food, an arahant Thera came from Piyangudípa to accept it as soon as the time of the almsgiving was announced by the minister Tissa (Mhv.xxiv.24ff). Again, when Dutthagámaní, after his conquest of the Damilas, was filled with remorse for his slaughter of men, arahants of Piyangudípa read his thoughts and came to console him (Mhv.xxv.104ff). Mention is made of as many as twelve thousand monks living on Piyangudípa. Mhv.xxxii.55.