Yogakkhemādhivāhananti ettha yogehi khemattā “yogakkheman”ti nibbānaṃ vuccati, taṃ adhikatvā vāhīyati, abhimukhaṃ vā vāhīyatīti adhivāhanaṃ. Yogakkhemassa adhivāhanaṃ yogakkhemādhivāhanaṃ. Tena kiṃ dīpeti? Yathā tava dhuradhorayhaṃ puratthimaṃ disaṃ pacchimādīsu vā aññataraṃ abhimukhaṃ vāhīyati, tathā mama dhuradhorayhaṃ nibbānābhimukhaṃ vāhīyati.
Evaṃ vāhiyamānañca gacchati anivattantaṃ. Yathā tava naṅgalaṃ vahantaṃ dhuradhorayhaṃ khettakoṭiṃ patvā puna nivattati, evaṃ anivattantaṃ dīpaṅkarakālato pabhuti gacchateva. Yasmā vā tena tena maggena pahīnā kilesā punappunaṃ pahātabbā na honti, yathā tava naṅgalena chinnāni tiṇāni punapi aparasmiṃ samaye chinditabbāni honti, tasmāpi etaṃ paṭhamamaggavasena diṭṭhekaṭṭhe kilese, dutiyavasena oḷārike, tatiyavasena anusahagate kilese, catutthavasena sabbakilese pajahantaṃ gacchati anivattantaṃ. Atha vā gacchati anivattanti nivattanarahitaṃ hutvā gacchatīti attho. Nti taṃ dhuradhorayhaṃ. Evampettha padacchedo veditabbo. Evaṃ gacchantañca yathā tava dhuradhorayhaṃ na taṃ ṭhānaṃ gacchati, yattha gantvā kassako asoko nissoko virajo hutvā na socati, etaṃ pana taṃ ṭhānaṃ gacchati, yattha gantvā na socati. Yattha satipācanena etaṃ vīriyadhuradhorayhaṃ codento gantvā mādiso kassako asoko nissoko virajo hutvā na socati, taṃ sabbasokasallasamugghātabhūtaṃ nibbānāmatasaṅkhātaṃ ṭhānaṃ gacchatīti.
80. Idāni nigamanaṃ karonto bhagavā imaṃ gāthamāha–
“Evamesā kasī kaṭṭhā, sā hoti amatapphalā;
etaṃ kasiṃ kasitvāna, sabbadukkhā pamuccatī”ti.
Tassāyaṃ saṅkhepattho– mayā brāhmaṇa esā saddhābījā tapovuṭṭhiyā anuggahitā kasi, paññāmayaṃ yuganaṅgalaṃ, hirimayañca īsaṃ, manomayena yottena, ekābaddhaṃ katvā, paññānaṅgale satiphālaṃ ākoṭetvā, satipācanaṃ gahetvā, kāyavacī-āhāraguttiyā gopetvā, saccaṃ niddānaṃ katvā, soraccaṃ pamocanaṃ vīriyaṃ dhuradhorayhaṃ yogakkhemābhimukhaṃ anivattantaṃ vāhentena kaṭṭhā, kasikammapariyosānaṃ catubbidhaṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ pāpitā, sā hoti amatapphalā, sā esā kasi amatapphalā hoti. Amataṃ vuccati nibbānaṃ, nibbānānisaṃsā hotīti attho. Sā kho panesā kasi na mamevekassa amatapphalā hoti, apica, kho, pana yo koci khattiyo vā brāhmaṇo vā vesso vā suddo vā gahaṭṭho vā pabbajito vā etaṃ kasiṃ kasati, so sabbopi etaṃ kasiṃ kasitvāna, sabbadukkhā pamuccati, sabbasmā vaṭṭadukkhadukkhadukkhasaṅkhāradukkhavipariṇāmadukkhā pamuccatīti. Evaṃ bhagavā brāhmaṇassa arahattanikūṭena nibbānapariyosānaṃ katvā desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesi.
Tato brāhmaṇo gambhīratthaṃ desanaṃ sutvā “mama kasiphalaṃ bhuñjitvā aparajju eva chāto hoti, imassa pana kasi amatapphalā, tassā phalaṃ bhuñjitvā sabbadukkhā pamuccatī”ti ca viditvā pasanno pasannākāraṃ kātuṃ pāyāsaṃ dātumāraddho. Tenāha “atha kho kasibhāradvājo”ti. Tattha mahatiyāti mahatiyanti attho. Kaṃsapātiyāti suvaṇṇapātiyaṃ, satasahassagghanake attano suvaṇṇathāle. Vaḍḍhetvāti chupitvā, ākiritvāti vuttaṃ hoti. Bhagavato upanāmesīti sappimadhuphāṇitādīhi vicitraṃ katvā, dukūlavitānena paṭicchādetvā, ukkhipitvā, sakkaccaṃ tathāgatassa abhihari. Kinti? “Bhuñjatu bhavaṃ gotamo pāyāsaṃ, kassako bhavan”ti. Tato kassakabhāvasādhakaṃ kāraṇamāha “yañhi…pe… kasatī”ti, yasmā bhavaṃ…pe… kasatīti vuttaṃ hoti. Atha bhagavā “gāthābhigītaṃ me”ti āha.
81. Tattha gāthābhigītanti gāthāhi abhigītaṃ, gāthāyo bhāsitvā laddhanti vuttaṃ hoti. Meti mayā. Abhojaneyyanti bhuñjanārahaṃ na hoti. Sampassatanti sammā ājīvasuddhiṃ passataṃ samantā vā passataṃ sampassataṃ, buddhānanti vuttaṃ hoti. Nesa dhammoti “gāthābhigītaṃ bhuñjitabban”ti esa dhammo etaṃ cārittaṃ na hoti, tasmā gāthābhigītaṃ panudanti buddhā paṭikkhipanti na bhuñjantīti. Kiṃ pana bhagavatā pāyāsatthaṃ gāthā abhigītā, yena evamāhāti? Na etadatthaṃ abhigītā, apica, kho, pana pāto paṭṭhāya khettasamīpe ṭhatvā kaṭacchubhikkhampi alabhitvā puna sakalabuddhaguṇe pakāsetvā laddhaṃ tadetaṃ naṭanaccakādīhi naccitvā gāyitvā ca laddhasadisaṃ hoti, tena “gāthābhigītan”ti vuttaṃ. Tādisañca yasmā buddhānaṃ na kappati, tasmā “abhojaneyyan”ti vuttaṃ. Appicchatānurūpañcetaṃ na hoti, tasmāpi pacchimaṃ janataṃ anukampamānena ca evaṃ vuttaṃ. Yatra ca nāma parappakāsitenāpi attano guṇena uppannaṃ lābhaṃ paṭikkhipanti seyyathāpi appiccho ghaṭikāro kumbhakāro, tatra kathaṃ koṭippattāya appicchatāya samannāgato bhagavā attanāva attano guṇappakāsanena uppannaṃ lābhaṃ sādiyissati, yato yuttameva etaṃ bhagavato vattunti.
Ettāvatā “appasannaṃ adātukāmaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ gāthāgāyanena dātukāmaṃ katvā, samaṇo gotamo bhojanaṃ paṭiggahesi, āmisakāraṇā imassa desanā”ti imamhā lokāpavādā attānaṃ mocento desanāpārisuddhiṃ dīpetvā, idāni ājīvapārisuddhiṃ dīpento āha “dhamme satī brāhmaṇa vuttiresā”ti tassattho– ājīvapārisuddhidhamme vā dasavidhasucaritadhamme vā buddhānaṃ cārittadhamme vā sati saṃvijjamāne anupahate vattamāne vuttiresā ekantavodātā ākāse pāṇippasāraṇakappā esanā pariyesanā jīvitavutti buddhānaṃ brāhmaṇāti.
82. Evaṃ vutte brāhmaṇo “pāyāsaṃ me paṭikkhipati, akappiyaṃ kiretaṃ bhojanaṃ, adhañño vatasmiṃ, dānaṃ dātuṃ na labhāmī”ti domanassaṃ uppādetvā “appeva nāma aññaṃ paṭiggaṇheyyā”ti ca cintesi. Taṃ ñatvā bhagavā “ahaṃ bhikkhācāravelaṃ paricchinditvā āgato– ‘ettakena kālena imaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ pasādessāmī’ti, brāhmaṇo ca domanassaṃ akāsi. Idāni tena domanassena mayi cittaṃ pakopetvā amatavaradhammaṃ paṭivijjhituṃ na sakkhissatī”ti brāhmaṇassa pasādajananatthaṃ tena patthitamanorathaṃ pūrento āha “aññena ca kevalinan”ti. Tattha kevalinanti sabbaguṇaparipuṇṇaṃ, sabbayogavisaṃyuttaṃ vāti attho. Mahantānaṃ sīlakkhandhādīnaṃ guṇānaṃ esanato mahesiṃ. Parikkhīṇasabbāsavattā khīṇāsavaṃ. Hatthapādakukkuccamādiṃ katvā vūpasantasabbakukkuccattā kukkuccavūpasantaṃ. Upaṭṭhahassūti parivisassu paṭimānayassu. Evaṃ brāhmaṇena citte uppāditepi pariyāyameva bhaṇati, na tu bhaṇati “dehi, āharāhī”ti. Sesamettha uttānameva.
Atha brāhmaṇo “ayaṃ pāyāso bhagavato ānīto nāhaṃ arahāmi taṃ attano chandena kassaci dātun”ti cintetvā āha “atha kassa cāhan”ti. Tato bhagavā “taṃ pāyāsaṃ ṭhapetvā tathāgataṃ tathāgatasāvakañca aññassa ajīraṇadhammo”ti ñatvā āha– “na khvāhaṃ tan”ti. Tattha sadevakavacanena pañcakāmāvacaradevaggahaṇaṃ, samārakavacanena chaṭṭhakāmāvacaradevaggahaṇaṃ, sabrahmakavacanena rūpāvacarabrahmaggahaṇaṃ arūpāvacarā pana bhuñjeyyunti asambhāvaneyyā. Sassamaṇabrāhmaṇivacanena sāsanapaccatthikapaccāmittasamaṇabrāhmaṇaggahaṇaṃ samitapāpabāhitapāpasamaṇabrāhmaṇaggahaṇañca. Pajāvacanena sattalokaggahaṇaṃ, sadevamanussavacanena sammutideva-avasesamanussaggahaṇaṃ. Evamettha tīhi vacanehi okāsaloko, dvīhi pajāvasena sattaloko gahitoti veditabbo. Esa saṅkhepo, vitthāraṃ pana āḷavakasutte vaṇṇayissāma.
Kasmā pana sadevakādīsu kassaci na sammā pariṇāmaṃ gaccheyyāti? Oḷārike sukhumojāpakkhipanato. Imasmiñhi pāyāse bhagavantaṃ uddissa gahitamatteyeva devatāhi ojā pakkhittā yathā sujātāya pāyāse, cundassa ca sūkaramaddave paccamāne, verañjāyañca bhagavatā gahitagahitālope, bhesajjakkhandhake ca kaccānassa guḷhakumbhasmiṃ avasiṭṭhaguḷhe. So oḷārike sukhumojāpakkhipanato devānaṃ na pariṇamati. Devā hi sukhumasarīrā, tesaṃ oḷāriko manussāhāro na sammā pariṇamati. Manussānampi na pariṇamati. Manussā hi oḷārikasarīrā, tesaṃ sukhumā dibbojā na sammā pariṇamati. Tathāgatassa pana pakati-aggināva pariṇamati, sammā jīrati. Kāyabalañāṇabalappabhāvenāti eke tathāgatasāvakassa khīṇāsavassetaṃ samādhibalena mattaññutāya ca pariṇamati, itaresaṃ iddhimantānampi na pariṇamati. Acintanīyaṃ vā ettha kāraṇaṃ, buddhavisayo esoti.
Tena hi tvanti yasmā aññaṃ na passāmi, mama na kappati, mama akappantaṃ sāvakassāpi me na kappati, tasmā tvaṃ brāhmaṇāti vuttaṃ hoti. Appahariteti parittaharitatiṇe, apparuḷharitatiṇe vā pāsāṇapiṭṭhisadise. Appāṇaketi nippāṇake, pāyāsajjhottharaṇakāraṇena maritabbapāṇarahite vā mahā-udakakkhandhe. Saha tiṇanissitehi pāṇehi tiṇānaṃ pāṇakānañca anurakkhaṇatthāya etaṃ vuttaṃ. Cicciṭāyati ciṭiciṭāyatīti evaṃ saddaṃ karoti. Saṃdhūpāyatīti samantā dhūpāyati. Sampadhūpāyatīti tatheva adhimattaṃ dhūpāyati. Kasmā evaṃ ahosīti? Bhagavato ānubhāvena, na udakassa, na pāyāsassa, na brāhmaṇassa, na aññesaṃ devayakkhādīnaṃ. Bhagavā hi brāhmaṇassa dhammasaṃvegatthaṃ tathā adhiṭṭhāsi. Seyyathāpi nāmāti opammanidassanamattametaṃ, yathā phāloti ettakameva vuttaṃ hoti. Saṃviggo cittena, lomahaṭṭhajāto sarīrena. Sarīre kirassa navanavutilomakūpasahassāni suvaṇṇabhittiyā āhatamaṇināgadantā viya uddhaggā ahesuṃ. Sesaṃ pākaṭameva.
Pādesu pana nipatitvā bhagavato dhammadesanaṃ abbhanumodamāno bhagavantaṃ etadavoca “abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotamā”ti. Abbhanumodane hi ayamidha abhikkanta saddo. Vitthārato panassa maṅgalasuttavaṇṇanāyaṃ atthavaṇṇanā āvi bhavissati. Yasmā ca abbhanumodanatthe, tasmā sādhu sādhu bho gotamāti vuttaṃ hotīti veditabbaṃ.
“Bhaye kodhe pasaṃsāyaṃ, turite kotūhalacchare;
hāse soke pasāde ca, kare āmeḍitaṃ budho”ti.–

Iminā ca lakkhaṇena idha pasādavasena pasaṃsāvasena cāyaṃ dvikkhattuṃ vuttoti veditabbo. Atha vā abhikkantanti abhikantaṃ ati-iṭṭhaṃ, atimanāpaṃ, atisundaranti vuttaṃ hoti.

Tattha ekena abhikkantasaddena desanaṃ thometi, ekena attano pasādaṃ. Ayañhi ettha adhippāyo– abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, yadidaṃ bhoto gotamassa dhammadesanā, abhikkantaṃ yadidaṃ bhoto gotamassa dhammadesanaṃ āgamma mama pasādoti. Bhagavato eva vā vacanaṃ dve dve atthe sandhāya thometi– bhoto gotamassa vacanaṃ abhikkantaṃ dosanāsanato, abhikkantaṃ guṇādhigamanato, tathā saddhājananato, paññājananato, sātthato, sabyañjanato, uttānapadato, gambhīratthato, kaṇṇasukhato, hadayaṅgamato, anattukkaṃsanato, aparavambhanato, karuṇāsītalato, paññāvadātato, āpātharamaṇīyato, vimaddakkhamato, suyyamānasukhato, vīmaṃsiyamānahitatoti evamādīhi yojetabbaṃ.
Tato parampi catūhi upamāhi desanaṃyeva thometi. Tattha nikkujjitanti adhomukhaṭṭhapitaṃ, heṭṭhā mukhajātaṃ vā. Ukkujjeyyāti uparimukhaṃ kareyya. Paṭicchannanti tiṇapaṇṇādicchāditaṃ. Vivareyyāti ugghāṭeyya. Mūḷhassāti disāmūḷhassa. Maggaṃ ācikkheyyāti hatthe gahetvā “esa maggo”ti vadeyya. Andhakāreti kāḷapakkhacātuddasī-aḍḍharattaghanavanasaṇḍameghapaṭalehi caturaṅge tamasi. Ayaṃ tāva padattho.
Ayaṃ pana adhippāyayojanā– yathā koci nikkujjitaṃ ukkujjeyya, evaṃ saddhammavimukhaṃ asaddhammapatitaṃ maṃ asaddhammā vuṭṭhāpentena, yathā paṭicchannaṃ vivareyya; evaṃ kassapassa bhagavato sāsanantaradhānā pabhuti micchādiṭṭhigahanapaṭicchannaṃ sāsanaṃ vivarantena, yathā mūḷhassa maggaṃ ācikkheyya, evaṃ kummaggamicchāmaggapaṭipannassa me saggamokkhamaggaṃ ācikkhantena, yathā andhakāre telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya, evaṃ mohandhakāranimuggassa me buddhādiratanarūpāni apassato tappaṭicchādakamohandhakāraviddhaṃsakadesanāpajjotadhāraṇena mayhaṃ bhotā gotamena etehi pariyāyehi desitattā anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito.
Atha vā ekacciyena mattena yasmā ayaṃ dhammo dukkhadassanena asubhe “subhan”ti vipallāsappahānena ca nikkujjitukkujjitasadiso, samudayadassanena dukkhe “sukhan”ti vipallāsappahānena ca paṭicchannavivaraṇasadiso, nirodhadassanena anicce “niccan”ti vipallāsappahānena ca mūḷhassa maggācikkhaṇasadiso, maggadassanena anattani “attā”ti vipallāsappahānena ca andhakāre pajjotasadiso, tasmā seyyathāpi nāma nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya…pe… pajjotaṃ dhāreyya “cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī”ti, evaṃ pakāsito hoti.
Yasmā panettha saddhātapakāyaguttatādīhi sīlakkhandho pakāsito hoti, paññāya paññākkhandho, hirimanādīhi samādhikkhandho, yogakkhemena nirodhoti evaṃ tikkhandho ariyamaggo nirodho cāti sarūpeneva dve ariyasaccāni pakāsitāni. Tattha maggo paṭipakkho samudayassa, nirodho dukkhassāti paṭipakkhena dve. Iti iminā pariyāyena cattāri saccāni pakāsitāni. Tasmā anekapariyāyena pakāsito hotīti veditabbo
Esāhanti-ādīsu eso ahanti esāhaṃ. Saraṇaṃ gacchāmīti pādesu nipatitvā paṇipātena saraṇagamanena gatopi idāni vācāya samādiyanto āha. Atha vā paṇipātena buddhaṃyeva saraṇaṃ gatoti idāni taṃ ādiṃ katvā sese dhammasaṅghepi gantuṃ āha. Ajjataggeti ajjataṃ ādiṃ katvā, ajjadaggeti vā pāṭho, da-kāro padasandhikaro, ajja aggaṃ katvāti vuttaṃ hoti. Pāṇehi upetaṃ pāṇupetaṃ, yāva me jīvitaṃ pavattati, tāva upetaṃ, anaññasatthukaṃ tīhi saraṇagamanehi saraṇaṃ gataṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu jānātūti vuttaṃ hoti. Ettāvatā anena sutānurūpā paṭipatti dassitā hoti. Nikkujjitādīhi vā satthusampattiṃ dassetvā iminā “esāhan”ti-ādinā sissasampatti dassitā. Tena vā paññāpaṭilābhaṃ dassetvā iminā saddhāpaṭilābho dassito. Idāni evaṃ paṭiladdhasaddhena paññavatā yaṃ kattabbaṃ, taṃ kattukāmo bhagavantaṃ yācati “labheyyāhan”ti. Tattha bhagavato iddhiyādīhi abhippasāditacitto “bhagavāpi cakkavattirajjaṃ pahāya pabbajito, kimaṅgaṃ panāhan”ti saddhāya pabbajjaṃ yācati, tattha paripūrakāritaṃ patthento paññāya upasampadaṃ. Sesaṃ pākaṭameva.
Eko vūpakaṭṭhoti-ādīsu pana eko kāyavivekena, vūpakaṭṭho cittavivekena, appamatto kammaṭṭhāne sati-avijahanena, ātāpī kāyikacetasikavīriyasaṅkhātena ātāpena, pahitatto kāye ca jīvite ca anapekkhatāya viharanto aññatara-iriyāpathavihārena. Na cirassevāti pabbajjaṃ upādāya vuccati. Kulaputtāti duvidhā kulaputtā, jātikulaputtā, ācārakulaputtā ca. Ayaṃ pana ubhayathāpi kulaputto. Agārasmāti gharā. Agārānaṃ hitaṃ agāriyaṃ kasigorakkhādikuṭumbaposanakammaṃ vuccati. Natthi ettha agāriyanti anagāriyaṃ, pabbajjāyetaṃ adhivacanaṃ pabbajantīti upagacchanti upasaṅkamanti. Tadanuttaranti taṃ anuttaraṃ. Brahmacariyapariyosānanti maggabrahmacariyassa pariyosānaṃ, arahattaphalanti vuttaṃ hoti. Tassa hi atthāya kulaputtā pabbajanti. Diṭṭheva dhammeti tasmiṃyeva attabhāve. Sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvāti attanāyeva paññāya paccakkhaṃ katvā, aparappaccayaṃ ñatvāti attho. Upasampajja vihāsīti pāpuṇitvā sampādetvā vā vihāsi. Evaṃ viharanto ca khīṇā jāti…pe… abbhaññāsi. Etenassa paccavekkhaṇabhūmiṃ dasseti.
Katamā panassa jāti khīṇā, kathañca naṃ abbhaññāsīti? Vuccate– na tāvassa atītā jāti khīṇā pubbeva khīṇattā, na anāgatā anāgate vāyāmābhāvato, na paccuppannā vijjamānattā. Yā pana maggassa abhāvitattā uppajjeyya ekacatupañcavokārabhavesu ekacatupañcakkhandhappabhedā jāti, sā maggassa bhāvitattā anuppādadhammataṃ āpajjanena khīṇā. Taṃ so maggabhāvanāya pahīnakilese paccavekkhitvā kilesābhāve vijjamānampi kammaṃ āyatiṃ apaṭisandhikaṃ hotīti jānanto jānāti.
Vusitanti vutthaṃ parivutthaṃ, kataṃ caritaṃ niṭṭhāpitanti attho. Brahmacariyanti maggabrahmacariyaṃ. Kataṃ karaṇīyanti catūsu saccesu catūhi maggehi pariññāpahānasacchikiriyabhāvanāvasena soḷasavidhampi kiccaṃ niṭṭhāpitanti attho. Nāparaṃ itthattāyāti idāni puna itthabhāvāya evaṃ soḷasakiccabhāvāya kilesakkhayāya vā maggabhāvanā natthīti. Atha vā itthattāyāti itthabhāvato, imasmā evaṃpakārā idāni vattamānakkhandhasantānā aparaṃ khandhasantānaṃ natthi. Ime pana pañcakkhandhā pariññātā tiṭṭhanti chinnamūlako rukkho viyāti abbhaññāsi. Aññataroti eko. Arahatanti arahantānaṃ. Mahāsāvakānaṃ abbhantaro āyasmā bhāradvājo ahosīti ayaṃ kirettha adhippāyoti.

Paramatthajotikāya khuddaka-aṭṭhakathāya

Suttanipāta-aṭṭhakathāya kasibhāradvājasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.