9. Aṅkurapetavatthuvaṇṇanā

Yassa atthāya gacchāmāti idaṃ satthā sāvatthiyaṃ viharanto aṅkurapetaṃ ārabbha kathesi. Kāmañcettha aṅkuro peto na hoti, tassa pana caritaṃ yasmā petasambandhaṃ, tasmā taṃ “aṅkurapetavatthū”ti vuttaṃ.

Tatrāyaṃ saṅkhepakathā– ye te uttaramadhurādhipatino rañño mahāsāgarassa puttaṃ upasāgaraṃ paṭicca uttarāpathe kaṃsabhoge asitañjananagare mahākaṃsassa dhītuyā devagabbhāya kucchiyaṃ uppannā añjanadevī vāsudevo baladevo candadevo sūriyadevo aggidevo varuṇadevo ajjuno pajjuno ghaṭapaṇḍito aṅkuro cāti vāsudevādayo dasa bhātikāti ekādasa khattiyā ahesuṃ, tesu vāsudevādayo bhātaro asitañjananagaraṃ ādiṃ katvā dvāravatīpariyosānesu sakalajambudīpe tesaṭṭhiyā nagarasahassesu sabbe rājāno cakkena jīvitakkhayaṃ pāpetvā dvāravatiyaṃ vasamānā rajjaṃ dasa koṭṭhāse katvā vibhajiṃsu. Bhaginiṃ pana añjanadeviṃ na sariṃsu. Puna saritvā “ekādasa koṭṭhāse karomā”ti vutte tesaṃ sabbakaniṭṭho aṅkuro “mama koṭṭhāsaṃ tassā detha, ahaṃ vohāraṃ katvā jīvissāmi, tumhe attano attano janapadesu suṅkaṃ mayhaṃ vissajjethā”ti āha. Te “sādhū”ti sampaṭicchitvā tassa koṭṭhāyaṃ bhaginiyā datvā nava rājāno dvāravatiyaṃ vasiṃsu.

Aṅkuro pana vaṇijjaṃ karonto niccakālaṃ mahādānaṃ deti. Tassa paneko dāso bhaṇḍāgāriko atthakāmo ahosi. Aṅkuro pasannamānaso tassa ekaṃ kuladhītaraṃ gahetvā adāsi. So putte gabbhagateyeva kālamakāsi. Aṅkuro tasmiṃ jāte tassa pituno dinnaṃ bhattavetanaṃ tassa adāsi. Atha tasmiṃ dārake vayappatte “dāso na dāso”ti rājakule vinicchayo uppajji. Taṃ sutvā añjanadevī dhenūpamaṃ vatvā “mātu bhujissāya puttopi bhujisso evā”ti dāsabyato mocesi.

Dārako pana lajjāya tattha vasituṃ avisahanto roruvanagaraṃ gantvā tattha aññatarassa tunnavāyassa dhītaraṃ gahetvā tunnavāyasippena jīvikaṃ kappesi. Tena samayena roruvanagare asayhamahāseṭṭhi nāma ahosi. So samaṇabrāhmaṇakapaṇaddhikavanibbakayācakānaṃ mahādānaṃ deti. So tunnavāyo seṭṭhino gharaṃ ajānantānaṃ pītisomanassajāto hutvā asayhaseṭṭhino nivesanaṃ dakkhiṇabāhuṃ pasāretvā dassesi “ettha gantvā laddhabbaṃ labhantū”ti. Tassa kammaṃ pāḷiyaṃyeva āgataṃ.

So aparena samayena kālaṃ katvā marubhūmiyaṃ aññatarasmiṃ nigrodharukkhe bhummadevatā hutvā nibbatti, tassa dakkhiṇahattho sabbakāmadado ahosi. Tasmiṃyeva ca roruve aññataro puriso asayhaseṭṭhino dāne byāvaṭo assaddho appasanno micchādiṭṭhiko puññakiriyāya anādaro kālaṃ katvā tassa devaputtassa vasanaṭṭhānassa avidūre peto hutvā nibbatti. Tena ca katakammaṃ pāḷiyaṃyeva āgataṃ. Asayhamahāseṭṭhi pana kālaṃ katvā tāvatiṃsabhavane sakkassa devarañño sahabyataṃ upagato.

Atha aparena samayena aṅkuro pañcahi sakaṭasatehi, aññataro ca brāhmaṇo pañcahi sakaṭasatehīti dvepi janā sakaṭasahassena bhaṇḍaṃ ādāya marukantāramaggaṃ paṭipannā maggamūḷhā hutvā bahuṃ divasaṃ tattheva vicarantā parikkhīṇatiṇodakāhārā ahesuṃ. Aṅkuro assadūtehi catūsu disāsu pāniyaṃ maggāpesi. Atha so kāmadadahattho yakkho taṃ tesaṃ byasanappattiṃ disvā aṅkurena pubbe attano kataṃ upakāraṃ cintetvā “handa dāni imassa mayā avassayena bhavitabban”ti attano vasanavaṭarukkhaṃ dassesi. So kira vaṭarukkho sākhāviṭapasampanno ghanapalāso sandacchāyo anekasahassapāroho āyāmena vitthārena ubbedhena ca yojanaparimāṇo ahosi. Taṃ disvā aṅkuro haṭṭhatuṭṭho tassa heṭṭhā khandhāvāraṃ bandhāpesi. Yakkho attano dakkhiṇahatthaṃ pasāretvā paṭhamaṃ tāva pānīyena sabbaṃ janaṃ santappesi. Tato yo yo yaṃ yaṃ icchati, tassa tassa taṃ taṃ adāsi.

Evaṃ tasmiṃ mahājane nānāvidhena annapānādinā yathākāmaṃ santappite pacchā vūpasante maggaparissame so brāhmaṇavāṇijo ayoniso manasikaronto evaṃ cintesi– “dhanalābhāya ito kambojaṃ gantvā mayaṃ kiṃ karissāma, imameva pana yakkhaṃ yena kenaci upāyena gahetvā yānaṃ āropetvā amhākaṃ nagarameva gamissāmā”ti. Evaṃ cintetvā tamatthaṃ aṅkurassa kathento–

257. “Yassa atthāya gacchāma, kambojaṃ dhanahārakā;

ayaṃ kāmadado yakkho, imaṃ yakkhaṃ nayāmase.

258. “Imaṃ yakkhaṃ gahetvāna, sādhukena pasayha vā;

yānaṃ āropayitvāna, khippaṃ gacchāma dvārakan”ti.–

Gāthādvayamāha. Tattha yassa atthāyāti yassa kāraṇā. Kambojanti kambojaraṭṭhaṃ. Dhanahārakāti bhaṇḍavikkayena laddhadhanahārino. Kāmadadoti icchiticchitadāyako. Yakkhoti devaputto. Nayāmaseti nayissāma Sādhukenāti yācanena. Pasayhāti abhibhavitvā balakkārena, yānanti sukhayānaṃ Dvārakanti dvāravatīnagaraṃ. Ayaṃ hetthādhippāyo– yadatthaṃ mayaṃ ito kambojaṃ gantukāmā, tena gamanena sādhetabbo attho idheva sijjhati. Ayañhi yakkho kāmadado, tasmā imaṃ yakkhaṃ yācitvā tassa anumatiyā vā, sace saññattiṃ na gacchati, balakkārena vā yānaṃ āropetvā yāne pacchābāhaṃ bandhitvā taṃ gahetvā itoyeva khippaṃ dvāravatīnagaraṃ gacchāmāti.

Evaṃ pana brāhmaṇena vutto aṅkuro sappurisadhamme ṭhatvā tassa vacanaṃ paṭikkhipanto–

259. “Yassa rukkhassa chāyāya, nisīdeyya sayeyya vā;

na tassa sākhaṃ bhañjeyya, mittadubbho hi pāpako”ti.–

Gāthamāha. Tattha na bhañjeyyāti na chindeyya. Mittadubbhoti mittesu dubbhanaṃ tesaṃ anatthuppādanaṃ. Pāpakoti abhaddako mittadubbho. Yo hi sītacchāyo rukkho ghammābhitattassa purisassa parissamavinodako, tassāpi nāma pāpakaṃ na cintetabbaṃ, kimaṅkaṃ pana sattabhūtesu. Ayaṃ devaputto sappuriso pubbakārī amhākaṃ dukkhapanūdako bahūpakāro, na tassa kiñci anatthaṃ cintetabbaṃ, aññadatthu so pūjetabbo evāti dasseti.

Taṃ sutvā brāhmaṇā “atthassa mūlaṃ nikativinayo”ti nītimaggaṃ nissāya aṅkurassa paṭilomapakkhe ṭhatvā–

260. “Yassa rukkhassa chāyāya, nisīdeyya sayeyya vā;

khandhampi tassa chindeyya, attho ce tādiso siyā”ti.–

Gāthamāha. Tattha attho ce tādiso siyāti tādisena dabbasambhārena sace attho bhaveyya, tassa rukkhassa khandhampi chindeyya, kimaṅgaṃ pana sākhādayoti adhippāyo.

Evaṃ brāhmaṇena vutte aṅkuro sappurisadhammaṃyeva paggaṇhanto–

261. “Yassa rukkhassa chāyāya, nisīdeyya sayeyya vā;

na tassa pattaṃ bhindeyya, mittadubbho hi pāpako”ti.–

Imaṃ gāthamāha. Tattha na tassa pattaṃ bhindeyyāti tassa rukkhassa ekapaṇṇamattampi na pāteyya, pageva sākhādiketi adhippāyo.

Punapi brāhmaṇo attano vādaṃ paggaṇhanto–

262. “Yassa rukkhassa chāyāya, nisīdeyya sayeyya vā;

samūlampi taṃ abbuhe, attho ce tādiso siyā”ti.–

Gāthamāha. Tattha samūlampi taṃ abbuheti taṃ tattha samūlampi saha mūlenapi abbuheyya, uddhareyyāti attho.

Evaṃ brāhmaṇena vutte puna aṅkuro taṃ nītiṃ niratthakaṃ kātukāmo–

263. “Yassekarattimpi ghare vaseyya, yatthannapānaṃ puriso labhetha;

na tassa pāpaṃ manasāpi cintaye, kataññutā sappurisehi vaṇṇitā.

264. “Yassekarattimpi ghare vaseyya, annena pānena upaṭṭhito siyā;

na tassa pāpaṃ manasāpi cintaye, adubbhapāṇī dahate mittadubbhiṃ.

265. “Yo pubbe katakalyāṇo, pacchā pāpena hiṃsati;

allapāṇihato poso, na so bhadrāni passatī”ti.–

Imā tisso gāthā abhāsi.

263. Tattha yassāti yassa puggalassa. Ekarattimpīti ekarattimattampi kevalaṃ gehe vaseyya. Yatthannapānaṃ puriso labhethāti yassa santike koci puriso annapānaṃ vā yaṃkiñci bhojanaṃ vā labheyya. Na tassa pāpaṃ manasāpi cintayeti tassa puggalassa abhaddakaṃ anatthaṃ manasāpi na cinteyya na piheyya, pageva kāyavācāhi. Kasmāti ce? Kataññutā sappurisehi vaṇṇitāti kataññutā nāma buddhādīhi uttamapurisehi pasaṃsitā.

264. Upaṭṭhitoti payirupāsito “idaṃ gaṇha idaṃ bhuñjā”ti annapānādinā upaṭṭhito. Adubbhapāṇīti ahiṃsakahattho hatthasaṃyato. Dahate mittadubbhinti taṃ mittadubbhiṃ puggalaṃ dahati vināseti, appaduṭṭhe hitajjhāsayasampanne puggale parena kato aparādho avisesena tasseva anatthāvaho, appaduṭṭho puggalo atthato taṃ dahati nāma. Tenāha bhagavā–

“Yo appaduṭṭhassa narassa dussati, suddhassa posassa anaṅgaṇassa;
tameva bālaṃ pacceti pāpaṃ, sukhumo rajo paṭivātaṃva khitto”ti. (Dha. pa. 125; jā. 1.5.94; saṃ. ni. 1.22).

265. Yo pubbe katakalyāṇoti yo puggalo kenaci sādhunā katabhaddako katūpakāro. Pacchā pāpena hiṃsatīti taṃ pubbakārinaṃ aparabhāge pāpena abhaddakena anatthakena bādhati. Allapāṇihato posoti allapāṇinā upakārakiriyāya allapāṇinā dhotahatthena pubbakārinā heṭṭhā vuttanayena hato bādhito, tassa vā pubbakārino bādhanena hato allapāṇihato nāma, akataññupuggalo. Na so bhadrāni passatīti so yathāvuttapuggalo idhaloke ca paraloke ca iṭṭhāni na passati, na vindati, na labhatīti attho.

Evaṃ sappurisadhammaṃ paggaṇhantena aṅkurena abhibhavitvā vutto so brāhmaṇo niruttaro tuṇhī ahosi. Yakkho pana tesaṃ dvinnaṃ vacanapaṭivacanāni sutvā brāhmaṇassa kujjhitvāpi “hotu imassa duṭṭhabrāhmaṇassa kattabbaṃ pacchā jānissāmī”ti attano kenaci anabhibhavanīyatameva tāva dassento–

266. “Nāhaṃ devena vā manussena vā, issariyena vā haṃ suppasayho;

yakkhohamasmi paramiddhipatto, dūraṅgamo vaṇṇabalūpapanno”ti.–

Gāthamāha. Tattha devena vāti yena kenaci devena vā. Manussena vāti etthāpi eseva nayo. Issariyena vāti devissariyena vā manussissariyena vā. Tattha devissariyaṃ nāma catumahārājikasakkasuyāmādīnaṃ deviddhi, manussissariyaṃ nāma cakkavatti-ādīnaṃ puññiddhi. Tasmā issariyaggahaṇena mahānubhāve devamanusse saṅgaṇhāti. Mahānubhāvāpi hi devā attano puññaphalūpatthambhite manussepi asati payogavipattiyaṃ abhibhavituṃ na sakkonti, pageva itare. Hanti asahane nipāto. Na suppasayhoti appadhaṃsiyo. Yakkhohamasmi paramiddhipattoti attano puññaphalena ahaṃ yakkhattaṃ upagato asmi, yakkhova samāno na yo vā so vā, atha kho paramiddhipatto paramāya uttamāya yakkhiddhiyā samannāgato. Dūraṅgamoti khaṇeneva dūrampi ṭhānaṃ gantuṃ samattho. Vaṇṇabalūpapannoti rūpasampattiyā sarīrabalena ca upapanno samannāgatoti tīhipi padehi mantappayogādīhi attano anabhibhavanīyataṃyeva dasseti. Rūpasampanno hi paresaṃ bahumānito hoti, rūpasampadaṃ nissāya visabhāgavatthunāpi anākaḍḍhaniyovāti vaṇṇasampadā anabhibhavanīyakāraṇanti vuttā.