5. Pañcakanipāto

1. Rājadattattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Pañcakanipāte bhikkhu sivathikaṃ gantvāti-ādikā āyasmato rājadattattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro, tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ puññaṃ upacinanto, ito catuddase kappe buddhasuññe loke kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto, ekadivasaṃ kenacideva karaṇīyena vanantaṃ upagato tattha aññataraṃ paccekabuddhaṃ rukkhamūle nisinnaṃ disvā pasannamānaso suparisuddhaṃ ambāṭakaphalaṃ adāsi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ satthavāhakule nibbatti. Tassa mahārājaṃ vessavaṇaṃ ārādhetvā paṭiladdhabhāvato mātāpitaro rājadattoti nāmaṃ akaṃsu. So vayappatto pañcahi sakaṭasatehi bhaṇḍaṃ ādāya vāṇijjavasena rājagahaṃ agamāsi. Tena ca samayena rājagahe aññatarā gaṇikā abhirūpā dassanīyā paramasobhaggayogato divase divase sahassaṃ labhati. Atha so satthavāhaputto divase divase tassā gaṇikāya sahassaṃ datvā saṃvāsaṃ kappento nacirasseva sabbaṃ dhanaṃ khepetvā duggato hutvā ghāsacchādanamattampi alabhanto ito cito ca paribbhamanto saṃvegappatto ahosi. So ekadivasaṃ upāsakehi saddhiṃ veḷuvanaṃ agamāsi.
Tena ca samayena satthā mahatiyā parisāya parivuto dhammaṃ desento nisinno hoti. So parisapariyante nisīditvā satthu santike dhammaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā dhutaṅgāni samādiyitvā susāne vasati. Tadā aññataropi satthavāhaputto sahassaṃ datvā tāya gaṇikāya saha vasati. Sā ca gaṇikā tassa hatthe mahaggharatanaṃ disvā lobhaṃ uppādetvā aññehi dhuttapurisehi taṃ mārāpetvā taṃ ratanaṃ gaṇhi. Atha tassa satthavāhaputtassa manussā taṃ pavattiṃ sutvā ocarakamanusse pesesuṃ. Te rattiyaṃ tassā gaṇikāya gharaṃ pavisitvā chavi-ādīni anupahacceva taṃ māretvā sivathikāya chaḍḍesuṃ. Rājadattatthero asubhanimittaṃ gahetuṃ susāne vicaranto tassā gaṇikāya kaḷevaraṃ paṭikkulato manasi kātuṃ upagato katipayavāre yoniso manasi katvā aciramatabhāvato soṇasiṅgālādīhi anupahatachavitāya visabhāgavatthutāya ca ayoniso manasikaronto, tattha kāmarāgaṃ uppādetvā saṃviggataramānaso attano cittaṃ paribhāsitvā muhuttaṃ ekamantaṃ apasakkitvā ādito upaṭṭhitaṃ asubhanimittameva gahetvā yoniso manasikaronto jhānaṃ uppādetvā taṃ jhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā tāvadeva arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.44.55-59)–
“Vipine buddhaṃ disvāna, sayambhuṃ aparājitaṃ;
ambāṭakaṃ gahetvāna, sayambhussa adāsahaṃ.
“Ekatiṃse ito kappe, yaṃ phalamadadiṃ tadā;
duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, phaladānassidaṃ phalaṃ.
“Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan”ti;
arahattaṃ pana patvā attano paṭipattiṃ paccavekkhitvā pītisomanassajāto–
315. “bhikkhu sivathikaṃ gantvā, addasa itthimujjhitaṃ;
apaviddhaṃ susānasmiṃ, khajjantiṃ kimihī phuṭaṃ.
316. “Yañhi eke jigucchanti, mataṃ disvāna pāpakaṃ;
kāmarāgo pāturahu, andhova savatī ahuṃ.
317. “Oraṃ odanapākamhā, tamhā ṭhānā apakkamiṃ;
satimā sampajānohaṃ, ekamantaṃ upāvisiṃ.
318. “Tato me manasīkāro, yoniso udapajjatha;
ādīnavo pāturahu, nibbidā samatiṭṭhatha.
319. “Tato cittaṃ vimucci me, passa dhammasudhammataṃ;
tisso vijjā anuppattā, kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan”ti.–

Imā pañca gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha bhikkhu sivathikaṃ gantvāti saṃsāre bhayassa ikkhanato bhikkhu, asubhakammaṭṭhānatthaṃ āmakasusānaṃ upagantvā. “Bhikkhū”ti cetaṃ attānaṃ sandhāya thero sayaṃ vadati. Itthinti thīyati ettha sukkasoṇitaṃ sattasantānabhāvena saṃhaññatīti thī, mātugāmo. Evañca sabhāvaniruttivasena “itthī”tipi vuccati. Vañjhādīsu pana taṃsadisatāya taṃsabhāvānativattanato ca tabbohāro. “Itthī”ti itthikaḷevaraṃ vadati. Ujjhitanti pariccattaṃ ujjhaniyattā eva apaviddhaṃ anapekkhabhāvena khittaṃ. Khajjantiṃ kimihī phuṭanti kimīhi pūritaṃ hutvā khajjamānaṃ.
Yañhi eke jigucchanti, mataṃ disvāna pāpakanti yaṃ apagatāyu-usmāviññāṇatāya mataṃ kaḷevaraṃ pāpakaṃ nihīnaṃ lāmakaṃ eke cokkhajātikā jigucchanti, oloketumpi na icchanti. Kāmarāgo pāturahūti tasmiṃ kuṇape ayonisomanasikārassa balavatāya kāmarāgo mayhaṃ pāturahosi uppajji. Andhova savatī ahunti tasmiṃ kaḷevare navahi dvārehi asuciṃ savati sandante asucibhāvassa adassanena andho viya ahosiṃ. Tenāha–
“Ratto atthaṃ na jānāti, ratto dhammaṃ na passati;
andhatamaṃ tadā hoti, yaṃ rāgo sahate naran”ti ca.
“Kāmacchando kho, brāhmaṇa, andhakaraṇo acakkhukaraṇo”ti ca ādi. Keci panettha takārāgamaṃ katvā “kilesapariyuṭṭhānena avasavatti kilesassa vā vasavattī”ti atthaṃ vadanti. Apare “andhova asati ahun”ti pāḷiṃ vatvā “kāmarāgena andho eva hutvā satirahito ahosin”ti atthaṃ vadanti. Tadubhayaṃ pana pāḷiyaṃ natthi.
Oraṃ odanapākamhāti odanapākato oraṃ, yāvatā kālena suparidhotatintataṇḍulanāḷiyā odanaṃ pacati, tato orameva kālaṃ, tatopi lahukālena rāgaṃ vinodento, tamhā ṭhānā apakkamiṃ yasmiṃ ṭhāne ṭhitassa me rāgo uppajji, tamhā ṭhānā apakkamiṃ apasakkiṃ. Apakkantova satimā sampajānohaṃ samaṇasaññaṃ upaṭṭhapetvā satipaṭṭhānamanasikāravasena satimā, sammadeva dhammasabhāvajānanena sampajāno ca hutvā ekamantaṃ upāvisiṃ, pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā nisīdiṃ. Nisinnassa ca tato me manasīkāro, yoniso udapajjathāti-ādi sabbaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayamevāti.

Rājadattattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.