13. Sirimaṇḍattheragāthāvaṇṇanā
Channamativassatīti-ādikā āyasmato sirimaṇḍattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde saṃsumāragire brāhmaṇakule nibbattitvā sirimaṇḍoti laddhanāmo vayappatto bhesakalāvane bhagavati viharante satthāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā dhammaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā laddhūpasampado samaṇadhammaṃ karonto ekasmiṃ uposathadivase pātimokkhuddesaṭṭhāne nisinno nidānuddesassa pariyosāne “āvikatā hissa phāsu hotī”ti (mahāva. 134) pāḷiyā atthaṃ upadhārento āpannaṃ āpattiṃ anāvikatvā paṭicchādento uparūpari āpattiyo āpajjati, tenassa na phāsu hoti, āvikatvā pana yathādhammaṃ paṭikarontassa phāsu hotīti imamatthaṃ manasi katvā “aho satthu sāsanaṃ suvisuddhan”ti laddhappasādo tathā uppannaṃ pītiṃ vikkhambhetvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ patvā attano paṭipattiṃ paccavekkhitvā pasannamānaso bhikkhūnaṃ ovādaṃ dento– 447. “Channamativassati, vivaṭaṃ nātivassati;
tasmā channaṃ vivaretha, evaṃ taṃ nātivassati.
448. “Maccunābbhāhato loko, jarāya parivārito;
taṇhāsallena otiṇṇo, icchādhūpāyito sadā. (Saṃ. ni. 1.66).
449. “Maccunābbhāhato loko, parikkhitto jarāya ca;
haññati niccamattāṇo, pattadaṇḍova takkaro.
450. “Āgacchantaggikhandhāva, maccu byādhi jarā tayo;
paccuggantuṃ balaṃ natthi, javo natthi palāyituṃ.
451. “Amoghaṃ divasaṃ kayirā, appena bahukena vā;
yaṃ yaṃ vijahate rattiṃ, tadūnaṃ tassa jīvitaṃ.
452. “Carato tiṭṭhato vāpi, āsīnasayanassa vā;
upeti carimā ratti, na te kālo pamajjitun”ti.–
Imā gāthā abhāsi.
Tattha channanti chāditaṃ yathābhūtaṃ avivaṭaṃ appakāsitaṃ duccaritaṃ. Ativassatīti āpattivassañceva kilesavassañca ativiya vassati. Āpattiyā hi chādanaṃ alajjibhāvādinā tādisova, chādanena tato aññathāva punapi tathārūpaṃ tato vā pāpiṭṭhataraṃ āpattiṃ āpajjeyyāti chādanaṃ vassanassa kāraṇaṃ vuttaṃ. Vivaṭanti pakāsitaṃ appaṭicchannaṃ. Nātivassatīti ettha atīti upasaggamattaṃ, na vassatīti attho. Avassanañcettha vuttavipariyāyena veditabbaṃ cittasantānassa visodhitattā. Tasmāti vuttamevatthaṃ kāraṇabhāvena paccāmasati, channassa duccaritassa āpattivassādīnaṃ ativassanato vivaṭassa ca avassanatoti attho. Channaṃ vivarethāti puthujjanabhāvena chādanādhippāye uppannepi taṃ ananuvattitvā vivaretha āvikareyya, yathādhammaṃ paṭikareyya. Evanti vivaraṇena yathādhammaṃ paṭipattiyā. Tanti taṃ channaṃ duccaritaṃ. Nātivassati āpattivassaṃ kilesavassañca na vassati, suddhante puggalaṃ patiṭṭhapetīti attho. Idāni “ekaṃsena sīghaṃyeva ca attā sodhetabbo, appamādo kātabbo”ti tassa kāraṇaṃ saṃvegavatthuṃ dassento “maccunābbhāhato loko”ti-ādimāha. Tattha maccunābbhāhato lokoti ayaṃ sabbopi sattaloko coro viya coraghātakena, sabbavaṭṭanipātinā maccunā maraṇena abhihato, na tassa hatthato muccati. Jarāya parivāritoti ayaṃ loko uppādato uddhaṃ maraṇūpanayanarasāya jarāya parivārito ajjhotthaṭo, jarāsaṅghātaparimukkoti attho. Taṇhāsallena otiṇṇoti sarīrassa anto nimuggena visapītakhurappena viya upādānalakkhaṇena taṇhāsaṅkhātena sallena otiṇṇo hadayabbhantare ogāḷho. Taṇhā hi pīḷājananato anto tudanato duruddhārato ca “sallo”ti vuccati. Icchādhūpāyitoti ārammaṇābhipatthanalakkhaṇāya icchāya santāpito. Taṃ visayaṃ icchanto hi puggalo yadicchitaṃ visayaṃ labhanto vā alabhanto vā tāya eva anudahanalakkhaṇāya icchāya santatto pariḷāhappatto hoti. Sadāti sabbakālaṃ, idañca padaṃ sabbapadesu yojetabbaṃ. Parikkhitto jarāya cāti na kevalaṃ maccunā abbhāhatoyeva, atha kho jarāya ca parikkhitto. Jarāya samavaruddho jarāpākāraparikkhitto, na taṃ samatikkamatīti attho. Haññati niccamattāṇoti atāṇo asaraṇo hutvā niccakālaṃ jarāmaraṇehi haññati vibādhīyati. Yathā kiṃ? Pattadaṇḍova takkaro yathā takkaro coro katāparādho vajjhappatto atāṇo rājāṇāya haññati, evamayaṃ loko jarāmaraṇehīti dasseti. Āgacchantaggikhandhāvāti mahāvane ḍayhamāne taṃ abhibhavantā mahantā aggikkhandhā viya maccu byādhi jarāti ime tayo anudahanaṭṭhena aggikkhandhā imaṃ sattalokaṃ abhibhavantā āgacchanti tesaṃ pana paṭibalo hutvā paccuggantuṃ abhibhavituṃ balaṃ ussāho natthi, imassa lokassa, javo natthi palāyituṃ javantesu, ajjhottharantesu. Yattha te nābhibhavanti, piṭṭhiṃ dassetvā tato palāyitumpi imassa lokassa jaṅghājavo natthi, evaṃ attanā asamattho māyādīhi upāyehi appaṭikāre tividhe balavati paccāmitte niccupaṭṭhite kiṃ kātabbanti ce? Amoghaṃ divasaṃ kayirā, appena bahukena vāti appena antamaso gaddūhanamattampi kālaṃ pavattitena bahukena vā sakalaṃ ahorattaṃ pavattitena vipassanāmanasikārena amoghaṃ avañjhaṃ divasaṃ kareyya, yasmā yaṃ yaṃ vijahate rattiṃ, tadūnaṃ tassa jīvitaṃ ayaṃ satto yaṃ yaṃ rattiṃ vijahati nāseti khepeti, tadūnaṃ tena ūnaṃ tassa sattassa jīvitaṃ hoti. Etena rattikkhayo nāma jīvitakkhayo tassa anivattanatoti dasseti. Tenāha–
“Yamekarattiṃ paṭhamaṃ, gabbhe vasati māṇavo;
abbhuṭṭhitova so yāti, sa gacchaṃ na nivattatī”ti. (Jā. 1.15.363).
Na kevalaṃ rattivaseneva, atha kho iriyāpathavasenāpi jīvitakkhayo upadhāretabboti āha “carato”ti-ādi. Caratoti gacchantassa. Tiṭṭhatoti ṭhitaṃ kappentassa. Āsīnasayanassa vāti āsīnassa sayanassa vā, nisinnassa nipajjantassa vāti attho. “Āsīdanan”tipi paṭhanti, tattha sāmi-atthe upayogavacanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Upeti carimā rattīti carimakacittasahitā ratti upagacchati, rattiggahaṇañcettha desanāsīsamattaṃ. Gamanādīsu yena kenaci iriyāpathena samaṅgībhūtassa carimakāloyeva, tenevassa iriyāpathakkhaṇā jīvitaṃ khepetvā eva gacchanti, tasmā na te kālo pamajjituṃ nāyaṃ tuyhaṃ pamādaṃ āpajjituṃ kālo “imasmiṃ nāma kāle maraṇaṃ na hotī”ti aviditattā. Vuttaṃ hi–
“Animittamanaññātaṃ, maccānaṃ idha jīvitaṃ;
kasirañca parittañca, tañca dukkhena saṃyutan”ti. (Su. ni. 579).
Tasmā evaṃ attānaṃ ovaditvā appamattena tīsu sikkhāsu anuyogo kātabboti adhippāyo.
Sirimaṇḍattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.