3. Mahāpanthakattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Yadā paṭhamamaddakkhinti-ādikā āyasmato mahāpanthakattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayaṃ kira padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle haṃsavatīnagare vibhavasampanno kuṭumbiyo hutvā ekadivasaṃ satthu santike dhammaṃ suṇanto satthāraṃ ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ saññāvivaṭṭakusalānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapentaṃ disvā sayampi taṃ ṭhānantaraṃ patthento buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa sattāhaṃ mahādānaṃ pavattetvā, “bhante, yaṃ bhikkhuṃ tumhe ito sattadivasamatthake– ‘saññāvivaṭṭakusalānaṃ ayaṃ mama sāsane aggo’ti etadagge ṭhapayittha, ahampi imassa adhikārakammassa balena so bhikkhu viya anāgate ekassa buddhassa sāsane aggo bhaveyyan”ti patthanaṃ akāsi. Kaniṭṭhabhātā panassa tatheva bhagavati adhikārakammaṃ katvā manomayassa kāyassābhinimmānaṃ cetovivaṭṭakosallanti dvinnaṃ aṅgānaṃ vasena vuttanayeneva paṇidhānaṃ akāsi. Bhagavā dvinnampi patthanaṃ anantarāyena samijjhanabhāvaṃ disvā “anāgate kappasatasahassamatthake gotamassa nāma sammāsambuddhassa sāsane tumhākaṃ patthanā samijjhissatī”ti byākāsi.

Te ubhopi janā tattha yāvajīvaṃ puññāni katvā tato cuto devaloke nibbattiṃsu. Tattha mahāpanthakassa antarākataṃ kalyāṇadhammaṃ na kathīyati. Cūḷapanthako pana kassapassa bhagavato sāsane pabbajitvā vīsati vassasahassāni odātakasiṇakammaṃ katvā devapure nibbatti. Apadāne pana “cūḷapanthako padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle tāpaso hutvā himavante vasanto tattha bhagavantaṃ disvā pupphacchattena pūjaṃ akāsī”ti āgataṃ. Tesaṃ devamanussesu saṃsarantānaṃyeva kappasatasahassaṃ atikkantaṃ. Atha amhākaṃ satthā abhisambodhiṃ patvā pavattitavaradhammacakko rājagahaṃ upanissāya veḷuvane mahāvihāre viharati.

Tena ca samayena rājagahe dhanaseṭṭhissa dhītā attano dāsena saddhiṃ santhavaṃ katvā ñātakehi bhītā hatthasāraṃ gahetvā tena saddhiṃ palāyitvā aññattha vasantī taṃ paṭicca gabbhaṃ labhitvā paripakkagabbhā “ñātigharaṃ gantvā vijāyissāmī”ti gacchantī antarāmaggeyeva puttaṃ vijāyitvā sāminā nivattitā pubbe vasitaṭṭhāne vasantī puttassa panthe jātattā panthakoti, nāmaṃ akāsi. Tasmiṃ ādhāvitvā vidhāvitvā vicaraṇakāle tameva paṭicca dutiyaṃ gabbhaṃ paṭilabhitvā paripakkagabbhā pubbe vuttanayeneva antarāmagge puttaṃ vijāyitvā sāminā nivattitā jeṭṭhaputtassa mahāpanthakoti kaniṭṭhassa cūḷapanthakoti nāmaṃ katvā yathāvasitaṭṭhāneyeva vasantī anukkamena dārakesu vaḍḍhantesu tehi, “amma, ayyakakulaṃ no dassehī”ti nibundhiyamānā dārake mātāpitūnaṃ santikaṃ pesesi. Tato paṭṭhāya dārakā dhanaseṭṭhino gehe vaḍḍhanti. Tesu cūḷapanthako atidaharo. Mahāpanthako pana ayyakena saddhiṃ bhagavato santikaṃ gato satthāraṃ disvā saha dassanena paṭiladdhasaddho dhammaṃ sutvā upanissayasampannatāya pabbajitukāmo hutvā pitāmahaṃ āpucchi. So satthu tamatthaṃ ārocetvā taṃ pabbājesi. So pabbajitvā bahuṃ buddhavacanaṃ uggaṇhitvā paripuṇṇavasso upasampajjitvā yonisomanasikāre kammaṃ karonto visesato catunnaṃ arūpajjhānānaṃ lābhī hutvā tato vuṭṭhāya vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Iti so saññāvivaṭṭakusalānaṃ aggo jāto. So jhānasukhena phalasukhena vītināmento ekadivasaṃ attano paṭipattiṃ paccavekkhitvā adhigatasampattiṃ paṭicca sañjātasomanasso sīhanādaṃ nadanto–

510. “Yadā paṭhamamaddakkhiṃ, satthāramakutobhayaṃ;

tato me ahu saṃvego, passitvā purisuttamaṃ.

511. “Siriṃ hatthehi pādehi, yo paṇāmeyya āgataṃ;

etādisaṃ so satthāraṃ, ārādhetvā virādhaye.

512. “Tadāhaṃ puttadārañca, dhanadhaññañca chaḍḍayiṃ;

kesamassūni chedetvā, pabbajiṃ anagāriyaṃ.

513. “Sikkhāsājīvasampanno, indriyesu susaṃvuto;

namassamāno sambuddhaṃ, vihāsiṃ aparājito.

514. “Tato me paṇidhī āsi, cetaso abhipatthito;

na nisīde muhuttampi, taṇhāsalle anūhate.

515. “Tassa mevaṃ viharato, passa vīriyaparakkamaṃ;

tisso vijjā anuppattā, kataṃ buddhassa sāsanaṃ.

516. “Pubbenivāsaṃ jānāmi, dibbacakkhu visodhitaṃ;

arahā dakkhiṇeyyomhi, vippamutto nirūpadhi.

517. “Tato ratyāvivasāne, sūriyuggamanaṃ pati;

sabbaṃ taṇhaṃ visosetvā, pallaṅkena upāvisin”ti.– Imā gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha yadāti yasmiṃ kāle. Paṭhamanti ādito. Addakkhinti passiṃ, satthāranti, bhagavantaṃ. Akutobhayanti nibbhayaṃ. Ayañhettha attho– sabbesaṃ bhayahetūnaṃ bodhimūleyeva pahīnattā kutocipi bhayābhāvato akutobhayaṃ nibbhayaṃ, catuvesārajjavisāradaṃ diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikaparamatthehi veneyyānaṃ yathārahamanusāsanato satthāraṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ mayhaṃ pitāmahena saddhiṃ gantvā yāya velāya sabbapaṭhamaṃ passiṃ, taṃ purisuttamaṃ sadevake loke aggapuggalaṃ passitvā tato dassanahetu tato dassanato pacchā “ettakaṃ kālaṃ satthāraṃ daṭṭhuṃ dhammañca sotuṃ nālatthan”ti mayhaṃ saṃvego ahu sahottappaṃ ñāṇaṃ uppajji. Uppannasaṃvego panāhaṃ evaṃ cintesinti dasseti siriṃ hatthehīti gāthāya. Tassattho– yo vibhavatthiko puriso “upaṭṭhāyiko hutvā tava santike vasissāmī”ti saviggahaṃ siriṃ sayane upagataṃ hatthehi ca pādehi ca koṭṭento paṇāmeyya nīhareyya, so tathārūpo alakkhikapuriso etādisaṃ satthāraṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ ārādhetvā imasmiṃ navame khaṇe paṭilabhitvā virādhaye tassa ovādākaraṇena taṃ virajjheyya, ahaṃ panevaṃ na karomīti adhippāyo. Tenāha “tadāhaṃ…pe… anagāriyan”ti. Tattha chaḍḍayinti, pajahiṃ. “Chaḍḍiyan”tipi pāṭho. Nanu ayaṃ thero dārapariggahaṃ akatvāva pabbajito, so kasmā “puttadārañca chaḍḍayin”ti avocāti? Yathā nāma puriso anibbattaphalameva rukkhaṃ chindanto acchinne tato laddhaphalehi parihīno nāma hoti. Evaṃsampadamidaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ.

Sikkhāsājīvasamāpannoti yā adhisīlasikkhā, tāya ca, yattha bhikkhū saha jīvanti, ekajīvikā sabhāgavuttino honti, tena bhagavatā paññattasikkhāpadasaṅkhātena sājīvena ca samannāgato sikkhanabhāvena samaṅgībhūto, sikkhaṃ paripūrento sājīvañca avītikkamanto hutvā tadubhayaṃ sampādentoti attho. Tena suvisuddhe pātimokkhe sīle patiṭṭhitabhāvaṃ dasseti. Indriyesu susaṃvutoti manacchaṭṭhesu indriyesu suṭṭhu saṃvuto. Rūpādivisayesu uppajjanakānaṃ abhijjhādīnaṃ pavattinivāraṇavasena satikavāṭena supihitacakkhādidvāroti attho. Evaṃ pātimokkhasaṃvara-indriyasaṃvarasīlasampattidassanena itarasīlampi atthato dassitameva hotīti thero attano catupārisuddhisīlasampadaṃ dassetvā “namassamāno sambuddhan”ti iminā buddhānussatibhāvanānuyogamāha. Vihāsiṃ aparājitoti kilesamārādīhi aparājito eva hutvā vihariṃ, yāva arahattappatti, tāva tehi anabhibhūto, aññadatthu te abhibhavanto eva vihāsinti attho.

Tatoti tasmā, yasmā suvisuddhasīlo satthari abhippasanno kilesābhibhavanapaṭipattiyañca ṭhito, tasmā. Paṇidhīti paṇidhānaṃ. Tato vā cittābhinīhāro. Āsīti ahosi. Cetaso abhipatthitoti, mama cittena icchito. Kīdiso pana soti āha “na nisīde muhuttampi, taṇhāsalle anūhate”ti. “Aggamaggasaṇḍāsena mama hadayato taṇhāsalle anuddhaṭe muhuttampi na nisīde, nisajjaṃ na kappeyyan”ti evaṃ me cittābhinīhāro ahosīti attho.

Evaṃ pana cittaṃ adhiṭṭhāya bhāvanaṃ bhāvayitvā ṭhānacaṅkameheva rattiṃ vītināmento arūpasamāpattito vuṭṭhāya jhānaṅgamukhena vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā arahattaṃ sacchākāsi. Tena vuttaṃ “tassa me”ti-ādi. Nirūpadhīti kilesupadhi-ādīnaṃ abhāvena nirupadhi. Ratyāvivasāneti rattibhāgassa vigamane vibhātāya rattiyā. Sūriyuggamanaṃ patīti sūriyuggamanaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ katvā. Sabbaṃ taṇhanti kāmataṇhādibhedaṃ sabbaṃ taṇhāsotaṃ aggamaggena visosetvā sukkhāpetvā “taṇhāsalle anūhate na nisīde”ti, paṭiññāya mocitattā. Pallaṅkena upāvisinti pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā nisīdinti. Sesaṃ uttānatthameva.

Mahāpanthakattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Aṭṭhakanipātavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.