7. Sambhūtattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Yo dandhakāleti-ādikā āyasmato sambhūtattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni karonto buddhasuññe loke candabhāgāya nadiyā tīre kinnarayoniyaṃ nibbatto. Ekadivasaṃ aññataraṃ paccekabuddhaṃ disvā pasannamānaso vanditvā katañjalī ajjunapupphehi pūjaṃ akāsi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde kulagehe nibbattitvā sambhūtoti laddhanāmo vayappatto bhagavato parinibbānassa pacchā dhammabhaṇḍāgārikassa santike dhammaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā samaṇadhammaṃ karonto vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.52.28-36)–

“Candabhāgānadītīre, ahosiṃ kinnaro tadā;
addasaṃ virajaṃ buddhaṃ, sayambhuṃ aparājitaṃ.
“Pasannacitto sumano, vedajāto katañjalī;
gahetvā ajjunaṃ pupphaṃ, sayambhuṃ abhipūjayiṃ.
“Tena kammena sukatena, cetanāpaṇidhīhi ca;
jahitvā kinnaraṃ dehaṃ, tāvatiṃsamagacchahaṃ.
“Chattisakkhattuṃ devindo, devarajjamakārayiṃ;
dasakkhattuṃ cakkavattī, mahārajjamakārayiṃ.
“Padesarajjaṃ vipulaṃ, gaṇanāto asaṅkhiyaṃ;
sukhette vappitaṃ bījaṃ, sayambhumhi aho mama.
“Kusalaṃ vijjate mayhaṃ, pabbajiṃ anagāriyaṃ;
pūjāraho ahaṃ ajja, sakyaputtassa sāsane.
“Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan”ti;

arahattaṃ pana patvā vimuttisukhena viharanto vassasataparinibbute bhagavati vesālikesu vajjiputtakesu dasa vatthūni paggayha ṭhitesu kākaṇḍakaputtena yasattherena ussāhitehi sattasatehi khīṇāsavehi taṃ diṭṭhiṃ bhinditvā saddhammaṃ paggaṇhantehi dhammavinayasaṅgahe kate tesaṃ vajjiputtakānaṃ uddhamma-ubbinayadīpane dhammasaṃvegena thero–

291. “yo dandhakāle tarati, taraṇīye ca dandhaye;

ayonisaṃvidhānena, bālo dukkhaṃ nigacchati.

292. “Tassatthā parihāyanti, kāḷapakkheva candimā;

āyasakyañca pappoti, mittehi ca virujjhati.

293. “Yo dandhakāle dandheti, taraṇīye ca tāraye;

yoniso saṃvidhānena, sukhaṃ pappoti paṇḍito.

294. “Tassatthā paripūrenti, sukkapakkheva candimā;

yaso kittiñca pappoti, mittehi na virujjhatī”ti.–

Imā gāthā bhaṇanto aññaṃ byākāsi.

Tattha yo dandhakāle taratīti kismiñci kattabbavatthusmiṃ– “kappati nu kho, na nu kho kappatī”ti vinayakukkucce uppanne yāva viyattaṃ vinayadharaṃ pucchitvā taṃ kukkuccaṃ na vinodeti, tāva dandhakāle tassa kiccassa dandhāyitabbasamaye tarati madditvā vītikkamaṃ karoti. Taraṇīye ca dandhayeti gahaṭṭhassa tāva saraṇagamanasīlasamādānādike, pabbajitassa vattapaṭivattakaraṇādike samathavipassanānuyoge ca taritabbe sampatte sīghaṃ taṃ kiccaṃ ananuyuñjitvā– “āgamanamāse pakkhe vā karissāmī”ti dandhāyeyya, taṃ kiccaṃ akarontova kālaṃ vītināmeyya. Ayonisaṃvidhānenāti evaṃ dandhāyitabbe taranto taritabbe ca dandhāyanto anupāyasaṃvidhānena upāyasaṃvidhānābhāvena bālo, mandabuddhiko puggalo, sampati āyatiñca dukkhaṃ anatthaṃ pāpuṇāti.

Tassatthā parihāyantīti tassa tathārūpassa puggalassa diṭṭhadhammikādibhedā atthā kāḷapakkhe candimā viya, parihāyanti divase divase parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gacchanti. “Asuko puggalo assaddho appasanno kusīto hīnavīriyo”ti-ādinā. Āyasakyaṃ viññūhi garahitabbataṃ pappoti pāpuṇāti. Mittehi ca virujjhatīti “evaṃ paṭipajja, mā evaṃ paṭipajjā”ti ovādadāyakehi kalyāṇamittehi “avacanīyā mayan”ti ovādassa anādāneneva viruddho nāma hoti.

Sesagāthādvayassa vuttavipariyāyena attho veditabbo. Keci panettha– “tarati dandhaye”tipadānaṃ atthabhāvena bhāvanācittassa paggahaniggahe uddharanti. Taṃ pacchimagāthāsu yujjati. Purimā hi dve gāthā pabbajitakālato paṭṭhāya caritabbaṃ samaṇadhammaṃ akatvā kukkuccapakatatāya dasa vatthūni dīpetvā saṅghena nikkaḍḍhite vajjiputtake sandhāya therena vuttā. Pacchimā pana attasadise sammā paṭipanne sakatthaṃ nipphādetvā ṭhiteti.

Sambhūtattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.