8. Rāhulattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Ubhayenāti-ādikā āyasmato rāhulattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinanto padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto satthāraṃ ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ sikkhākāmānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapentaṃ disvā sayampi taṃ ṭhānantaraṃ patthetvā senāsanavisodhanavijjotanādikaṃ uḷāraṃ puññaṃ katvā paṇidhānamakāsi. So tato cavitvā devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde amhākaṃ bodhisattaṃ paṭicca yasodharāya deviyā kucchimhi nibbattitvā rāhuloti laddhanāmo mahatā khattiyaparivārena vaḍḍhi, tassa pabbajjāvidhānaṃ khandhake (mahāva. 105) āgatameva. So pabbajitvā satthu santike anekehi suttapadehi suladdhovādo paripakkañāṇo vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 1.2.68-85)–

“Padumuttarassa bhagavato, lokajeṭṭhassa tādino;
sattabhūmamhi pāsāde, ādāsaṃ santhariṃ ahaṃ.
“Khīṇāsavasahassehi, parikiṇṇo mahāmuni;
upāgami gandhakuṭiṃ, dvipadindo narāsabho.
“Virocento gandhakuṭiṃ, devadevo narāsabho;
bhikkhusaṅghe ṭhito satthā, imā gāthā abhāsatha.
“Yenāyaṃ jotitā seyyā, ādāsova susanthato;
tamahaṃ kittayissāmi, suṇātha mama bhāsato.
“Soṇṇamayā rūpimayā, atho veḷuriyāmayā;
nibbattissanti pāsādā, ye keci manaso piyā.
“Catusaṭṭhikkhattuṃ devindo, devarajjaṃ karissati;
sahassakkhattuṃ cakkavattī, bhavissati anantarā.
“Ekavīsatikappamhi, vimalo nāma khattiyo;
cāturanto vijitāvī, cakkavattī bhavissati.
“Nagaraṃ reṇuvatī nāma, iṭṭhakāhi sumāpitaṃ;
āyāmato tīṇi sataṃ, caturassasamāyutaṃ.
“Sudassano nāma pāsādo, vissakammena māpito;
kūṭāgāravarūpeto, sattaratanabhūsito.
“Dasasaddāvivittaṃ taṃ, vijjādharasamākulaṃ;
sudassanaṃva nagaraṃ, devatānaṃ bhavissati.
“Pabhā niggacchate tassa, uggacchanteva sūriye;
virocessati taṃ niccaṃ, samantā aṭṭhayojanaṃ.
“Kappasatasahassamhi, okkākakulasambhavo;
gotamo nāma gottena, satthā loke bhavissati.
“Tusitā so cavitvāna, sukkamūlena codito;
gotamassa bhagavato, atrajo so bhavissati.
“Sacevaseyya agāraṃ, cakkavattī bhaveyya so;
aṭṭhānametaṃ yaṃ tādī, agāre ratimajjhagā.
“Nikkhamitvā agāramhā, pabbajissati subbato;
rāhulo nāma nāmena, arahā so bhavissati.
“Kikīva aṇḍaṃ rakkheyya, cāmarī viya vāladhiṃ;
nipako sīlasampanno, mamaṃ rakkhi mahāmuni.
“Tassāhaṃ dhammamaññāya, vihāsiṃ sāsane rato;
sabbāsave pariññāya, viharāmi anāsavo.
“Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan”ti;

arahattaṃ pana patvā attano paṭipattiṃ paccavekkhitvā aññaṃ byākaronto–

295. “ubhayeneva sampanno, rāhulabhaddoti maṃ vidū;

yañcamhi putto buddhassa, yañca dhammesu cakkhumā.

296. “Yañca me āsavā khīṇā, yañca natthi punabbhavo;

arahā dakkhiṇeyyomhi, tevijjo amataddaso.

297. “Kāmandhā jālapacchannā, taṇhāchadanachāditā;

pamattabandhunā baddhā, macchāva kumināmukhe.

298. “Taṃ kāmaṃ ahamujjhitvā, chetvā mārassa bandhanaṃ;

samūlaṃ taṇhamabbuyha, sītibhūtosmi nibbuto”ti.–

Catasso gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha ubhayeneva sampannoti jātisampadā, paṭipattisampadāti ubhayasampattiyāpi sampanno samannāgato. Rāhulabhaddoti maṃ vidūti “rāhulabhaddo”ti maṃ sabrahmacārino sañjānanti. Tassa hi jātasāsanaṃ sutvā bodhisattena “rāhu jāto, bandhanaṃ jātan”ti vuttavacanaṃ upādāya suddhodanamahārājā “rāhulo”ti nāmaṃ gaṇhi. Tattha ādito pitarā vuttapariyāyameva gahetvā āha– “rāhulabhaddoti maṃ vidū”ti. Bhaddoti ca pasaṃsāvacanametaṃ.

Idāni taṃ ubhayasampattiṃ dassetuṃ “yañcamhī”ti-ādi vuttaṃ. Tattha yanti yasmā. Ca-saddo samuccayattho. Amhi putto buddhassāti sammāsambuddhassa orasaputto amhi. Dhammesūti lokiyesu lokuttaresu ca dhammesu, catusaccadhammesūti attho. Cakkhumāti maggapaññācakkhunā cakkhumā ca amhīti yojetabbaṃ.

Puna aparāparehipi pariyāyehi attani ubhayasampattiṃ dassetuṃ– “yañca me āsavā khīṇā”ti gāthamāha. Tattha dakkhiṇeyyoti dakkhiṇāraho. Amataddasoti nibbānassa dassāvī. Sesaṃ suviññeyyameva.

Idāni yāya vijjāsampattiyā ca vimuttisampattiyā ca abhāvena sattakāyo kumine bandhamacchā viya saṃsāre parivattati, taṃ ubhayasampattiṃ attani dassetuṃ “kāmandhā”ti gāthādvayamāha. Tattha kāmehi kāmesu vā andhāti kāmandhā. “Chando rāgo”ti-ādivibhāgehi (cūḷani. ajitamāṇavapucchāniddesa 8) kilesakāmehi rūpādīsu vatthukāmesu anādīnavadassitāya andhīkatā. Jālapacchannāti sakalaṃ bhavattayaṃ ajjhottharitvā ṭhitena visattikājālena pakārato channā paliguṇṭhitā. Taṇhāchadanachāditāti tato eva taṇhāsaṅkhātena chadanena chāditā nivutā sabbaso paṭikujjitā. Pamattabandhunā baddhā, macchāva kumināmukheti kumināmukhe macchabandhānaṃ macchapasibbakamukhe baddhā macchā viya pamattabandhunā mārena yena kāmabandhanena baddhā ime sattā tato na nigacchanti antobandhanagatāva honti.

Taṃ tathārūpaṃ kāmaṃ bandhanabhūtaṃ ujjhitvā pubbabhāgapaṭipattiyā pahāya kilesamārassa bandhanaṃ chetvā, puna ariyamaggasatthena anavasesato samucchinditvā tato eva avijjāsaṅkhātena mūlena samūlaṃ, kāmataṇhādikaṃ taṇhaṃ abbuyha uddharitvā sabbakilesadarathapariḷāhābhāvato, sītibhūto sa-upādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā nibbuto, ahaṃ asmi homīti attho.

Rāhulattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.