Index File

Lesson III

A. Declension of Nouns ending in " a "

(contd)

nara

Terminations

 

SINGULAR

PLURAL

Ablative

à, mhà, smà

ebhi, ehi

Genitive

ssa

naü

Masculine Substantives :

î cariya

teacher

Amba

mango

î paõa

shop, market

î ràma

temple, garden, park

Assa

horse

Màtula

uncle

Ovàda

advice, exhortation

Pabbata

rock, mountain

Paõõàkàra

reward, gift

Rukkha

tree

Sissa

pupil

Taëàka

pond, pool, lake

B. Conjugation of Verbs

PRESENT TENSE - ACTIVE VOICE

(contd.)

1st person terminations

SINGULAR

PLURAL

mi*

ma*

SING.

Ahaü pacàmi

I cook, I am cooking.

PLU.

Mayaü pacàma

We cook, we are cooking.

* The vowel preceding " mi " and " ma " is always lengthened.

Verbs :

Gaõhàti* (gaha)

takes, receives, seizes

Saïgaõhàti (gaha with saü)

Treats, compiles

Uggaõhàti (gaha with u)

learns

Kiõàti (ki)

buys

Vikkiõàti (ki with vi)

sells

Nikkhamati (kamu with ni)

departs, goes away

Patati (pata)

falls

Ruhati (ruha)

grows

î ruhati (ruha with à)

ascends, climbs

Oruhati (ruha with ava**)

descends

Sunàti (su)

hears

* Plural - gaõhanti. So are saïgaõhanti, uggaõhanti, kiõanti and suõanti.

** " Ava " is often changed into " o "

Illustrations :

1. ambà rukkhasmà (abl. s.)
mangoes from the tree

patanti
fall

2. rukkhehi (abl. pl.)
from trees

patàma
we fall

3. àpaõehi (abl. pl.)
from the markets

kiõàmi
I buy

4. àpaõà (abl. s.)
from market

àpaõaü (acc. s.)
to market

5. màtulassa (gen. s.)
Uncle's

àràmo
garden

6. î cariyànaü (gen. pl.)
of the teachers

sissà
pupils

Exercise iii

A

  1. Ahaü àcariyasmà Dhammaü suõàmi.
  2. Ahaü màtulasmà paõõàkàraü gaõhàmi.
  3. Ahaü assasmà patàmi.
  4. Ahaü màtulassa àràmasmà nikkhamàmi.
  5. Ahaü àpaõasmà ambe kiõàmi.
  6. Mayaü pabbatasmà oruhàma.
  7. Mayaü àcariyehi uggaõhàma.
  8. Mayam àcariyassa ovàdaü labhàma.
  9. Mayaü àcariyànaü putte saõganhàma.
  10. Mayam assànaü àhàraü àpaõehi kiõàma.
  11. Sissà samaõànaü àràmehi nikkhamanti.
  12. âcariyo màtulassa assaü àruhati.
  13. Mayaü rathehi gàmà gàmaü gacchàma.
  14. Tumhe àcariyehi paõõàkàre gaõhàtha.
  15. Narà sissànaü dàsànaü ambe vikkiõanti.
  16. Mayaü samaõànaü ovàdaü suõàma.
  17. Rukkhà pabbatasmà patanti.
  18. Ahaü suõakhehi taëàkaü oruhàmi.
  19. Mayaü àràmasmà àràmaü gacchàma.
  20. Puttà àdarena janakànaü ovàdaü gaõhanti.

B

  1. I receive a gift from the teacher.
  2. I depart from the shop.
  3. I treat the uncle's teacher.
  4. I take the advice of the teachers.
  5. I am descending from the mountain.
  6. We buy mangoes from the markets.
  7. We hear the doctrine of the Buddha from the teacher.
  8. We are coming out of the pond.
  9. We are mounting the uncle's horse.
  10. We fall from the mountain.
  11. We treat the father's pupil with affection.
  12. Pupils get gifts from the teachers.
  13. You are selling a horse to the father's physician.
  14. We go from mountain to mountain with the horses.
  15. Teachers give advice to the fathers of the pupils.
  16. We are learning from the ascetics.