Index File

Lesson IV

A. Declension of Nouns ending in " a "

(contd.)

nara

SINGULAR

PLURAL

Locative

nare, naramhi, narasmiü
in or upon a man

naresu
in or upon men

Vocative

nara, narà
O man !

narà
O men !

 

Terminations

 

SINGULAR

PLURAL

Locative

e, mhi, smiü

esu

Vocative

a, à

à

Masculine Substantives :

î kàsa

sky

Ma¤ca

bed

Canda

moon

Sakuõa

bird

Kassaka

farmer

Samudda

sea, ocean

Maccha

fish

Suriya

sun

Magga

way, road

Vàõija

merchant

Maggika

traveller

Loka

world, mankind

B. Conjugation of Verbs

PRESENT TENSE - ACTIVE VOICE

paca, to cook

SING.

PLU.

pacati

pacanti

pacasi

pacatha

pacàmi

pacàma

 

su, to hear

SING.

PLU.

suõàti

suõanti

suõàsi

suõàtha

suõàmi

suõàma

 

disa, to preach

SING.

PLU.

deseti

desenti

desesi

desetha

desemi

desema

Verbs :

Kãëati

(kãëa)

plays

Uppajjati

(pada with u)

is born

Passati*

(disa)

sees

Vasati

(vasa)

dwells

Supati

(supa)

sleeps

Vicarati

(cara with vi)

wanders, goes about

* " Passa " is a substitute for " disa "

Some Indeclinables :

Ajja

to-day

âma

yes

Api

also, too

Ca

also, and

Idàni

now

Idha

here

Kadà

when

Kasmà

why

Kuhiü

where

Kuto

whence

Na

no, not

Puna

again

Sabbadà

every day

Sadà

always

Saddhiü*

with

* " Saddhiü " is used with the "Instrumental" and is placed after the noun; as Narena saddhiü - with a man.

Illustrations :

1. Ma¤ce (loc. s.)
on the bed

supati
he sleeps

2. Narà
Men

gàmesu (loc. pl)
in the villages

vasanti
live

3. Dàraka (voc. s.)
child,

kuhiü tvaü gacchasi?
where are you going?

4. Janaka,
father,

ahaü
I

na gacchàmi.
am not going.

Exercise iv

A

  1. Sakuõà rukkesu vasanti.
  2. Kassako ma¤ce supati.
  3. Mayaü magge na kãëàma.
  4. Narà loke uppajjanti.
  5. Maggika, kuhiü tvaü gacchasi?
  6. âma sadà te na uggaõhanti.
  7. Macchà taëàke kãëanti.
  8. Kuto tvaü àgacchasi? Janaka ahaü idàni àràmasmà àgacchàmi.
  9. Kassakà sabbadà gàmesu na vasanti.
  10. Kasmà tumhe ma¤cesu na supatha?
  11. Mayaü samaõehi saddhiü àràme vasàma.
  12. Macchà taëàkesu ca samuddesu ca uppajjanti.
  13. Ahaü àkàse suriyaü passàmi, na ca candaü.
  14. Ajja vàõijo àpaõe vasati.
  15. Kasmà tumhe dàrakehi saddhiü magge kãëatha?
  16. âma, idàni so* 'pi gacchati, aham** 'pi gacchàmi.
  17. Maggikà maggesu vicaranti.
  18. Kasskà, kadà tumhe puna idha àgacchatha?
  19. âcariya, sabbadà mayaü Buddhaü vandàma.
  20. Vàõijà maggikehi saddhiü rathehi gàmesu vicaranti.

* So + api = so 'pi.

** The vowel following a Niggahita is often dropped, and the Niggahita is changed into the nasal of the group consonant that immediately follows; e.g.,

Ahaü + api = aham 'pi.

B

  1. He is playing on the road.
  2. The farmers live in the villages.
  3. I do not see birds in the sky.
  4. The Buddhas are not born in the world everyday.
  5. Travellers, from where are you coming now?
  6. We see fishes in the ponds.
  7. farmers, when do you come here again?
  8. The travellers are wondering in the world,
  9. We do not see the sun and the moon in the sky now.
  10. Why do not ascetics live always in the mountains?
  11. Yes, father, we are not playing in the garden today.
  12. Why do not the sick sleep on beds?
  13. merchants, where are you always wandering?
  14. Children, you are always playing with the dogs in the tank.
  15. Teachers and pupils are living in the monastery now.
  16. Yes, they are also going.