10. Kappaṭakurattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Ayamiti kappaṭoti āyasmato kappaṭakurattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti. Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinanto vipassissa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto ekadivasaṃ bhagavantaṃ vinatāya nāma nadiyā tīre aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle nisinnaṃ disvā pasannamānaso ketakapupphehi pūjaṃ akāsi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ duggatakule nibbattitvā yāva vayappatti, tāva aññaṃ upāyaṃ ajānanto kappaṭakhaṇḍanivāsano sarāvahattho tattha tattha kuraṃ pariyesanto vicari, tena kappaṭakurotveva paññāyittha. So vayappatto tiṇaṃ vikkiṇitvā jīvikaṃ kappento ekadivasaṃ tiṇalāvanatthaṃ araññaṃ gato tattha aññataraṃ khīṇāsavattheraṃ disvā taṃ upasaṅkamitvā vanditvā nisīdi. Tassa thero dhammaṃ kathesi. So dhammaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho “kiṃ me imāya kicchajīvikāyā”ti pabbajitvā attano nivatthakappaṭacoḷaṃ ekasmiṃ ṭhāne nikkhipi. Yadā cassa anabhirati uppajjati, tadā taṃ kappaṭaṃ olokentassa anabhirati vigacchati, saṃvegaṃ paṭilabhi. Evaṃ karonto sattakkhattuṃ uppabbaji. Tassa taṃ kāraṇaṃ bhikkhū bhagavato ārocesuṃ. Athekadivasaṃ kappaṭakuro bhikkhu dhammasabhāyaṃ parisapariyante nisinno niddāyati, taṃ bhagavā codento–

199. “Ayamiti kappaṭo kappaṭakuro, acchāya atibharitāya;

amataghaṭikāyaṃ dhammakaṭamatto, katapadaṃ jhānāni ocetuṃ.

200. “Mā kho tvaṃ kappaṭa pacālesi, mā tvaṃ upakaṇṇamhi tāḷessaṃ;

na hi tvaṃ kappaṭa mattamaññāsi, saṅghamajjhamhi pacalāyamāno”ti.–

Gāthādvayaṃ abhāsi.

Tattha ayamiti kappaṭo kappaṭakuroti kappaṭakuro bhikkhu “ayaṃ mama kappaṭo, imaṃ paridahitvā yathā tathā jīvāmī”ti evaṃ uppannamicchāvitakko acchāya atibharitāya amataghaṭikāyaṃ mama amataghaṭe tahaṃ tahaṃ vassante “amatamadhigataṃ ahamanusāsāmi, ahaṃ dhammaṃ desemi” (mahāva. 12; ma. ni. 1.286; 2.342). “Andhībhūtasmiṃ lokasmiṃ, āhañchaṃ amatadundubhin”ti-ādinā (mahāva. 11; ma. ni. 1.285; 2.341) ghosetvā mayā dhammāmate pavassiyamāne katapadaṃ jhānāni ocetuṃ lokiyalokuttarajjhānāni upacetuṃ bhāvetuṃ katapadaṃ kaṭamaggavihitabhāvanāmaggaṃ idaṃ mama sāsanaṃ, tathāpi dhammakaṭamatto mama sāsanadhammato ukkaṇṭhacitto apagatamānaso kappaṭakuroti taṃ codetvā punapissa sahoḍḍhaṃ coraṃ gaṇhanto viya pamādavihāraṃ dassento “mā kho tvaṃ, kappaṭa, pacālesī”ti gāthamāha.

Tattha mā kho tvaṃ, kappaṭa, pacālesīti tvaṃ, kappaṭakura, “mama dhammaṃ suṇissāmī”ti nisīditvā mā kho pacālesi mā pacalāhi mā niddaṃ upagacchi. Mā tvaṃ upakaṇṇamhi tāḷessanti taṃ niddāyamānaṃ upakaṇṇamhi kaṇṇasamīpe desanāhatthena ahaṃ mā patāḷessaṃ. Yathā ito paraṃ kilesappahānāya ahaṃ taṃ na ovadeyyaṃ, tathā paṭipajjāhīti attho. Na hi tvaṃ, kappaṭa, mattamaññāsīti tvaṃ, kappaṭa, saṅghamajjhamhi pacalāyamāno mattaṃ pamāṇaṃ na vā maññasi, “ayamatidullabho khaṇo paṭiladdho, so mā upajjhagā”ti ettakampi na jānāsi, passa yāva ca te aparaddhanti codesi.

Evaṃ bhagavatā dvīhi gāthāhi gāḷhaṃ taṃ niggayha codanāya katāya aṭṭhivedhaviddho viya caṇḍagajo maggaṃ otaranto viya ca sañjātasaṃvego vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā nacirasseva arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.52.17-22)–

“Vinatānadiyā tīre, vihāsi purisuttamo;
addasaṃ virajaṃ buddhaṃ, ekaggaṃ susamāhitaṃ.
“Madhugandhassa pupphena, ketakassa ahaṃ tadā;
pasannacitto sumano, buddhaseṭṭhamapūjayiṃ.
“Ekanavutito kappe, yaṃ pupphamabhipūjayiṃ;
duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.
“Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan”ti;

arahattaṃ pana patvā satthārā vuttagāthādvayameva attano arahattādhigamanassa aṅkusabhūtanti paccudāhāsi; tenassa tadeva aññābyākaraṇaṃ ahosīti;

kappaṭakurattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā;

catutthavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā;