3. Tikanipāto

1. Aṅgaṇikabhāradvājattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Tikanipāte ayoni suddhimanvesanti āyasmato aṅgaṇikabhāradvājattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ puññaṃ upacinanto ito ekatiṃse kappe sikhissa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto ekadivasaṃ satthāraṃ piṇḍāya carantaṃ disvā pasannamānaso pañcapatiṭṭhitena vanditvā añjaliṃ paggaṇhi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde himavantasamīpe ukkaṭṭhe nāma nagare vibhavasampannassa brāhmaṇassa gehe nibbattitvā aṅgaṇikabhāradvājoti laddhanāmo vayappatto vijjāsippesu nipphattiṃ gato nekkhammajjhāsayatāya paribbājakapabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā amaraṃ tapaṃ caranto tattha tattha vicaranto sammāsambuddhaṃ janapadacārikaṃ carantaṃ disvā pasannamānaso satthu santike dhammaṃ sutvā taṃ micchātapaṃ pahāya sāsane pabbajitvā vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto nacirasseva chaḷabhiñño ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 1.23.48-51)–

“Usabhaṃ pavaraṃ vīraṃ, vessabhuṃ vijitāvinaṃ;
pasannacitto sumano, buddhaseṭṭhamavandahaṃ.
“Ekatiṃse ito kappe, yaṃ kammamakariṃ tadā;
duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, vandanāya idaṃ phalaṃ.
“Catuvīsatikappamhi, vikatānandanāmako;
sattaratanasampanno, cakkavattī mahabbalo.
“Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan”ti;

chaḷabhiñño pana hutvā vimuttisukhena viharanto ñātīnaṃ anukampāya attano jātibhūmiṃ gantvā bahū ñātake saraṇesu ca sīlesu ca patiṭṭhāpetvā tato nivattitvā kururaṭṭhe kuṇḍiyassa nāma nigamassa avidūre araññe vasanto kenacideva karaṇīyena uggārāmaṃ gato uttarāpathato āgatehi sandiṭṭhehi brāhmaṇehi samāgato tehi, “bho bhāradvāja, kiṃ disvā brāhmaṇānaṃ samayaṃ pahāya imaṃ samayaṃ gaṇhī”ti pucchito tesaṃ ito buddhasāsanato bahiddhā suddhi natthīti dassento–

219. “ayoni suddhimanvesaṃ, aggiṃ paricariṃ vane;

suddhimaggaṃ ajānanto, akāsiṃ amaraṃ tapan”ti.– Paṭhamaṃ gāthamāha.

Tattha ayonīti ayoniso anupāyena. Suddhinti saṃsārasuddhiṃ bhavanissaraṇaṃ. Anvesanti gavesanto. Aggiṃ paricariṃ vaneti “ayaṃ suddhimaggo”ti adhippāyena araññāyatane aggihutasālāyaṃ agyāgāraṃ katvā āhutiṃ paggaṇhanto aggidevaṃ paricariṃ vede vuttavidhinā pūjesiṃ. Suddhimaggaṃ ajānanto, akāsiṃ amaraṃ tapanti suddhiyā nibbānassa maggaṃ ajānanto aggiparicaraṇaṃ viya pañcatapatappanādi-attakilamathānuyogaṃ “suddhimaggo”ti maññāya akāsiṃ acariṃ paṭipajjiṃ.

Evaṃ thero assamato assamaṃ gacchanto viya vede vuttavidhinā aggiparicaraṇādinā anuṭṭhāya suddhiyā appattabhāvena bahiddhā suddhiyā abhāvaṃ dassetvā idāni imasmiṃyeva sāsane suddhi ca mayā adhigatāti dassento–

220. “Taṃ sukhena sukhaṃ laddhaṃ, passa dhammasudhammataṃ;

tisso vijjā anuppattā, kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan”ti.– Dutiyagāthamāha.

Tattha tanti yassatthāya suddhiṃ anvesanto tassa maggaṃ ajānanto aggiṃ paricariṃ amaraṃ tapaṃ acariṃ, taṃ nibbānasukhaṃ sukhena samathavipassanāya sukhāya paṭipadāya attakilamathānuyogaṃ anupagamma mayā laddhaṃ pattaṃ adhigataṃ. Passa dhammasudhammatanti satthu sāsanadhammassa sudhammataṃ aviparītaniyyānikadhammasabhāvaṃ passa jānāhīti dhammālapanavasena vadati, attānaṃ vā ālapati. Tassa laddhabhāvaṃ pana dassento–

“Tisso vijjā anuppattā, kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan”ti.–

Āha taṃ vuttatthameva. Evaṃ suddhiyā adhigatattā “ito paṭṭhāyāhaṃ paramatthato brāhmaṇo”ti dassento–

221. “Brahmabandhu pure āsiṃ, idāni khomhi brāhmaṇo;

tevijjo nhātakocamhi, sottiyo camhi vedagū”ti.– Tatiyaṃ gāthamāha.

Tassattho– ito pubbe jātimattena brāhmaṇabhāvato brāhmaṇānaṃ samaññāya brahmabandhu nāma āsiṃ. Bāhitapāpattā pana idāni kho arahattādhigamena paramatthato brāhmaṇo ca amhi. Ito pubbe bhavasañcayakarānaṃ tissannaṃ vedasaṅkhātānaṃ vijjānaṃ ajjhayanena samaññāmattena tevijjo nāma hutvā idāni bhavakkhayakarāya vijjāya vasena tissannaṃ vijjānaṃ adhigatattā paramatthato tevijjo ca amhi. Tathā ito pubbe bhavassādagadhitāya nhātakavatanipphattiyā samaññāmattena nhātako nāma hutvā idāni aṭṭhaṅgikamaggajalena suvikkhālitakilesamalatāya paramatthato nhātako camhi. Ito pubbe avimuttabhavassādamantajjhānena vohāramattato sottiyo nāma hutvā idāni suvimuttabhavassādadhammajjhānena paramatthato sottiyo camhi. Ito pubbe appaṭinissaṭṭhapāpadhammānaṃ vedānaṃ gatamattena vedagū nāma hutvā idāni vedasaṅkhātena maggañāṇena saṃsāramahoghassa vedassa catusaccassa ca pāraṃ gatattā adhigatattā ñātattā paramatthato vedagū jātoti. Taṃ sutvā brāhmaṇā sāsane uḷāraṃ pasādaṃ pavedesuṃ.

Aṅgaṇikabhāradvājattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.