9. Yasojattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Kālapabbaṅgasaṅkāsoti āyasmato yasojattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinanto vipassissa bhagavato kāle ārāmagopakakule nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto ekadivasaṃ vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ ākāsena gacchantaṃ disvā pasannamānaso labujaphalaṃ adāsi.

So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthinagaradvāre kevaṭṭagāme pañcakulasatajeṭṭhakassa kevaṭṭassa putto hutvā nibbatti, yasojotissa nāmaṃ akaṃsu. So vayappatto attano sahāyehi kevaṭṭaputtehi saddhiṃ macchagahaṇatthaṃ aciravatiyaṃ nadiyaṃ jālaṃ khipi. Tattheko suvaṇṇavaṇṇo mahāmaccho antojālaṃ pāvisi. Taṃ te rañño pasenadissa dassesuṃ Rājā “imassa suvaṇṇavaṇṇassa macchassa vaṇṇakāraṇaṃ bhagavā jānātī”ti macchaṃ gāhāpetvā bhagavato dassesi. Bhagavā “ayaṃ kassapassa sammāsambuddhassa sāsane osakkamāne pabbajitvā micchā paṭipajjanto sāsanaṃ osakkāpetvā niraye nibbatto ekaṃ buddhantaraṃ niraye paccitvā tato cuto aciravatiyaṃ maccho hutvā nibbatto”ti vatvā tassa bhaginīnañca niraye nibbattabhāvaṃ, tassa bhātikattherassa parinibbutabhāvañca teneva kathāpetvā imissā aṭṭhuppattiyā kapilasuttaṃ desesi.

Satthu desanaṃ sutvā yasojo saṃvegajāto saddhiṃ attano sahāyehi bhagavato santike pabbajitvā patirūpe ṭhāne vasanto ekadivasaṃ sapariso bhagavantaṃ vandituṃ jetavanaṃ agamāsi. Tassa āgamane senāsanapaññāpanādinā vihāre uccāsaddamahāsaddo ahosi. Taṃ sutvā “bhagavā saparisaṃ yasojaṃ paṇāmesī”ti (udā. 23) sabbaṃ udāne āgatanayena veditabbaṃ. Paṇāmito pana āyasmā yasojo kasābhihato bhaddo assājānīyo viya saṃviggamānaso saddhiṃ parisāya vaggumudāya nadiyā tīre vasanto ghaṭento vāyamanto vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā antovasseyeva chaḷabhiñño ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.47.32-39)–

“Nagare bandhumatiyā, ārāmiko ahaṃ tadā;
addasaṃ virajaṃ buddhaṃ, gacchantaṃ anilañjase.
“Labujaṃ phalamādāya, buddhaseṭṭhassadāsahaṃ;
ākāseva ṭhito santo, paṭiggaṇhi mahāyaso.
“Vittisañjānano mayhaṃ, diṭṭhadhammasukhāvaho;
phalaṃ buddhassa datvāna, vippasannena cetasā.
“Adhigañchiṃ tadā pītiṃ, vipulaṃ sukhamuttamaṃ;
uppajjateva ratanaṃ, nibbattassa tahiṃ tahiṃ.
“Ekanavutito kappe, yaṃ phalaṃ adadiṃ tadā;
duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, phaladānassidaṃ phalaṃ.
“Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan”ti;

chaḷabhiññaṃ pana samānaṃ saparisaṃ āyasmantaṃ yasojaṃ satthā pakkositvā āneñjasamāpattinā paṭisanthāramakāsi; so sabbepi dhutaṅgadhamme samādāya vattati; tenassa sarīraṃ kisaṃ ahosi lūkhaṃ dubbaṇṇaṃ, taṃ bhagavā paramappicchatāya pasaṃsanto–

243. “kālapabbaṅgasaṅkāso kiso dhamanisanthato;

mattaññū annapānamhi, adīnamānaso naro”ti.– Paṭhamaṃ gāthamāha.

Tattha kālapabbaṅgasaṅkāsoti maṃsūpacayavigamena kisadusaṇṭhitasarīrāvayavatāya dantilatāpabbasadisaṅgo, tenāha “kiso dhamanisanthato”ti. Kisoti moneyyapaṭipadāpūraṇena kisasarīro. Dhamanisanthatoti dhamanīhi santhatagatto appamaṃsalohitatāya pākaṭīhi kaṇḍarasirāhi vitatasarīro. Mattaññūti pariyesanapaṭiggahaṇaparibhogavissajjanesu pamāṇaññū. Adīnamānasoti kosajjādīhi anabhibhūtattā alīnacitto akusītavutti. Naroti puriso, porisassa dhurassa vahanato porisalakkhaṇasampanno purisadhorayhoti adhippāyo.

Evaṃ thero satthārā pasaṭṭho pasaṭṭhabhāvānurūpaṃ attano adhivāsanakhantivīriyārambhavivekābhiratikittanamukhena bhikkhūnaṃ dhammaṃ kathento–

244. “Phuṭṭho ḍaṃsehi makasehi, araññasmiṃ brahāvane;

nāgo saṅgāmasīseva, sato tatrādhivāsaye.

245. “Yathā brahmā tathā eko, yathā devo tathā duve;

yathā gāmo tathā tayo, kolāhalaṃ tatuttarin”ti.–

Imā dve gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha nāgo saṅgāmasīsevāti yathā nāma ājāneyyo hatthināgo yuddhamaṇḍale asisattitomarādippahāre adhivāsetvā parasenaṃ viddhaṃseti, evaṃ bhikkhu araññasmiṃ brahāvane araññāniyaṃ ḍaṃsādiparissaye sato sampajāno adhivāseyya, adhivāsetvā ca bhāvanābalena mārabalaṃ vidhameyya.

Yathā brahmāti yathā brahmā ekako cittappakoparahito jhānasukhena niccameva sukhito viharati tathā ekoti bhikkhupi eko adutiyo vivekasukhamanubrūhento sukhaṃ viharati. Ekassa sāmaññasukhaṃ paṇītanti hi vuttaṃ. Etena ekavihārī bhikkhu “brahmasamo”ti ovādaṃ deti. Yathā devo tathā duveti yathā devānaṃ antarantarā cittappakopopi siyā, tathā dvinnaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ sahavāse ghaṭṭanāpi bhaveyyāti sadutiyavāsena bhikkhu “devasamo”ti vutto. Yathā gāmo tathā tayoti asmimeva pāṭhe tiṇṇaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ sahavāso gāmavāsasadiso vivekavāso na hotīti adhippāyo Kolāhalaṃ tatuttarinti tato tayato upari ca bahūnaṃ saṃvāso kolāhalaṃ uccāsaddamahāsaddamahājanasannipātasadiso, tasmā ekavihārinā bhavitabbanti adhippāyoti.

Yasojattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.