7. Dāsakattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Middhī yadāti āyasmato dāsakattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? So kira ito ekanavute kappe anuppanne tathāgate ajitassa nāma paccekabuddhassa gandhamādanato manussapathaṃ otaritvā aññatarasmiṃ gāme piṇḍāya carantassa manoramāni ambaphalāni adāsi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto kassapassa bhagavato kāle sāsane pabbajitvā vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ bahuṃ puññaṃ akāsi. Evaṃ kusalakammappasuto hutvā sugatito sugatiṃ upagacchanto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ kulagehe nibbatti. Dāsakotissa nāmaṃ ahosi. So anāthapiṇḍikena gahapatinā vihārapaṭijagganakamme ṭhapito sakkaccaṃ vihāraṃ paṭijagganto abhiṇhaṃ buddhadassanena dhammassavanena ca paṭiladdhasaddho pabbaji. Keci pana bhaṇanti– “ayaṃ kassapassa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbattitvā vayappatto aññataraṃ khīṇāsavattheraṃ upaṭṭhahanto kiñci kammaṃ kārāpetukāmo theraṃ āṇāpesi. So tena kammena amhākaṃ bhagavato kāle sāvatthiyaṃ anāthapiṇḍikassa dāsiyā kucchimhi nibbatto vayappatto seṭṭhinā vihārapaṭijaggane ṭhapito vuttanayeneva paṭiladdhasaddho ahosi. Mahāseṭṭhi tassa sīlācāraṃ ajjhāsayañca ñatvā bhujissaṃ katvā ‘yathāsukhaṃ pabbajā’ti āha. Taṃ bhikkhū pabbājesun”ti. So pabbajitakālato paṭṭhāya kusīto hīnavīriyo hutvā na kiñci vattapaṭivattaṃ karoti, kuto samaṇadhammaṃ, kevalaṃ yāvadatthaṃ bhuñjitvā niddābahulo viharati. Dhammassavanakālepi ekaṃ koṇaṃ pavisitvā parisapariyante nisinno ghurughurupassāsī niddāyateva. Athassa bhagavā pubbūpanissayaṃ oloketvā saṃvegajananatthaṃ “middhī yadā hoti mahagghaso cā”ti gāthaṃ abhāsi.

17. Tattha middhīti thinamiddhābhibhūto, yañhi middhaṃ abhibhavati, taṃ thinampi abhibhavateva. Yadāti yasmiṃ kāle. Mahagghasoti mahābhojano, āharahatthaka-alaṃsāṭakatatthavaṭṭakakākamāsakabhuttavamitakānaṃ aññataro viya. Niddāyitāti supanasīlo. Samparivattasāyīti samparivattakaṃ samparivattakaṃ nipajjitvā ubhayenapi seyyasukhaṃ passasukhaṃ middhasukhaṃ anuyuttoti dasseti. Nivāpapuṭṭhoti kuṇḍakādinā sūkarabhattena puṭṭho bharito. Gharasūkaro hi bālakālato paṭṭhāya posiyamāno thūlasarīrakāle gehā bahi nikkhamituṃ alabhanto heṭṭhāmañcādīsu samparivattetvā samparivattetvā sayateva. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti– yadā puriso middhī ca hoti mahagghaso ca nivāpapuṭṭho mahāvarāho viya aññena iriyāpathena yāpetuṃ asakkonto niddāyanasīlo samparivattasāyī, tadā so “aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattā”ti tīṇi lakkhaṇāni manasikātuṃ na sakkoti. Tesaṃ amanasikārā mandapañño punappunaṃ gabbhaṃ upeti, gabbhāvāsato na parimuccatevāti. Taṃ sutvā dāsakatthero saṃvegajāto vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā nacirasseva arahattaṃ sacchākāsi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.51.74, 80-84)–

“Ajito nāma sambuddho, himavante vasī tadā;
caraṇena ca sampanno, samādhikusalo muni.
“Suvaṇṇavaṇṇe sambuddhe, āhutīnaṃ paṭiggahe;
rathiyaṃ paṭipajjante, ambaphalamadāsahaṃ.
“Ekanavute ito kappe, yaṃ phalaṃ adadiṃ tadā;
duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, phaladānassidaṃ phalaṃ.
“Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan”ti;

arahattaṃ pana patvā thero imāya gāthāya maṃ bhagavā ovadi, “ayaṃ gāthā mayhaṃ aṅkusabhūtā”ti tameva gāthaṃ paccudāhāsi; tayidaṃ therassa parivattāhāranayena aññābyākaraṇaṃ jātaṃ;

dāsakattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā;