7. Gayākassapattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Pāto majjhanhikanti-ādikā āyasmato gayākassapattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ kusalaṃ upacinanto ito ekatiṃse kappe sikhissa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto nissaraṇajjhāsayatāya gharāvāsaṃ pahāya tāpasapabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā araññāyatane assamaṃ kāretvā vanamūlaphalāhāro vasati. Tena ca samayena bhagavā eko adutiyo tassa assamasamīpena gacchati. So bhagavantaṃ disvā pasannamānaso upasaṅkamitvā vanditvā ekamantaṃ ṭhito velaṃ oloketvā manoharāni kolaphalāni satthu upanesi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde brāhmaṇakule nibbattitvā vayappatto nissaraṇajjhāsayatāya gharāvāsaṃ pahāya tāpasapabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā dvīhi tāpasasatehi saddhiṃ gayāyaṃ viharati. Gayāyaṃ vasanato hissa kassapagottatāya ca gayākassapoti samaññā ahosi. So bhagavatā saddhiṃ parisāya ehibhikkhūpasampadaṃ datvā ādittapariyāyadesanāya (mahāva. 54) ovadiyamāno arahatte patiṭṭhāsi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.45.8-14)–

“Ajinena nivatthohaṃ, vākacīradharo tadā;
khāriyā pūrayitvānaṃ, kolaṃhāsiṃ mamassamaṃ.
“Tamhi kāle sikhī buddho, eko adutiyo ahu;
mamassamaṃ upagacchi, jānanto sabbakālikaṃ.
“Sakaṃ cittaṃ pasādetvā, vanditvāna ca subbataṃ;
ubho hatthehi paggayha, kolaṃ buddhassadāsahaṃ.
“Ekatiṃse ito kappe, yaṃ phalamadadiṃ tadā;
duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, koladānassidaṃ phalaṃ.
“Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan”ti;

arahatte pana patiṭṭhito attano paṭipattiṃ paccavekkhitvā pāpapavāhanakittanamukhena aññaṃ byākaronto–

345. “pāto majjhanhikaṃ sāyaṃ, tikkhattuṃ divasassahaṃ;

otariṃ udakaṃ sohaṃ, gayāya gayaphagguyā.

346. “Yaṃ mayā pakataṃ pāpaṃ, pubbe aññāsu jātisu;

taṃ dānīdha pavāhemi, evaṃdiṭṭhi pure ahuṃ.

347. “Sutvā subhāsitaṃ vācaṃ, dhammatthasahitaṃ padaṃ;

tathaṃ yāthāvakaṃ atthaṃ, yoniso paccavekkhisaṃ.

348. “Ninhātasabbapāpomhi, nimmalo payato suci;

suddho suddhassa dāyādo, putto buddhassa oraso.

349. “Ogayhaṭṭhaṅgikaṃ sotaṃ, sabbapāpaṃ pavāhayiṃ;

tisso vijjā ajjhagamiṃ, kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan”ti.–

Imā pañca gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha paṭhamagāthāya tāva ayaṃ saṅkhepattho– pāto sūriyuggamanavelāyaṃ, majjhanhikaṃ majjhanhavelāyaṃ, sāyaṃ sāyanhavelāyanti divasassa tikkhattuṃ tayo vāre ahaṃ udakaṃ otariṃ ogāhiṃ. Otaranto ca sohaṃ na yattha katthaci yadā vā tadā vā otariṃ, atha kho gayāya mahājanassa “pāpapavāhanan”ti abhisammate gayātitthe, gayaphagguyā gayāphaggunāmake phaggunīmāsassa uttaraphaggunīnakkhatte anusaṃvaccharaṃ udakorohanamanuyutto ahosinti.

Idāni tadā yenādhippāyena udakorohanamanuyuttaṃ, taṃ dassetuṃ “yaṃ mayā”ti gāthamāha. Tassattho– “yaṃ mayā pubbe ito aññāsu jātīsu pāpakammaṃ upacitaṃ. Taṃ idāni idha gayātitthe imissā ca gayāphagguyā iminā udakorohanena pavāhemi apanemi vikkhālemī”ti. Pure satthu sāsanupagamanato pubbe evaṃdiṭṭhi evarūpaviparītadassano ahuṃ ahosiṃ.

Dhammatthasahitaṃ padanti vibhatti-alopena niddeso. Dhammena ca atthena ca sahitakoṭṭhāsaṃ, ādito majjhato pariyosānato ca dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ atthūpasaṃhitaṃ suṭṭhu ekantena niyyānikaṃ katvā bhāsitaṃ vācaṃ sammāsambuddhavacanaṃ sutvā tena pakāsitaṃ paramatthabhāvena tacchabhāvato tathaṃ yathārahaṃ pavattinivatti-upāyabhāve byabhicārābhāvato yāthāvakaṃ dukkhādiatthaṃ yoniso upāyena pariññeyyādibhāvena paccavekkhisaṃ “dukkhaṃ pariññeyyaṃ, samudayo pahātabbo, nirodho sacchikātabbo maggo bhāvetabbo”ti pati-avekkhiṃ, ñāṇacakkhunā passiṃ paṭivijjhinti attho.

Ninhātasabbapāpomhīti evaṃ paṭividdhasaccattā eva ariyamaggajalena vikkhālitasabbapāpo amhi. Tato eva rāgamalādīnaṃ abhāvena nimmalattā nimmalo. Tato eva parisuddhakāyasamācāratāya parisuddhavacīsamācāratāya parisuddhamanosamācāratāya payato suci suddho. Savāsanasabbakilesamalavisuddhiyā suddhassa buddhassa bhagavato lokuttaradhammadāyassa ādiyanato dāyādo. Tasseva desanāñāṇasamuṭṭhāna-urovāyāmajanitābhijātitāya oraso putto amhīti yojanā.

Punapi attano paramatthato nhātakabhāvameva vibhāvetuṃ “ogayhā”ti osānagāthamāha. Tattha ogayhāti ogāhetvā anupavisitvā. Aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ sotanti sammādiṭṭhi-ādīhi aṭṭhaṅgasamodhānabhūtaṃ maggasotaṃ. Sabbapāpaṃ pavāhayinti anavasesaṃ pāpamalaṃ pakkhālesiṃ, ariyamaggajalapavāhanena paramatthanhātako ahosiṃ. Tato eva tisso vijjā ajjhagamiṃ, kataṃ buddhassa sāsananti vuttatthameva.

Gayākassapattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.