5. Kappattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Nānākulamalasampuṇṇoti-ādikā āyasmato kappattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinanto siddhatthassa bhagavato kāle vibhavasampanne kule nibbattitvā pitu accayena viññutaṃ patto nānāvirāgavaṇṇavicittehi vatthehi anekavidhehi ābharaṇehi nānāvidhehi maṇiratanehi bahuvidhehi pupphadāmamālādīhi ca kapparukkhaṃ nāma alaṅkaritvā tena satthu thūpaṃ pūjesi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde magadharaṭṭhe maṇḍalikarājakule nibbattitvā pitu accayena rajje patiṭṭhito kāmesu ativiya ratto giddho hutvā viharati. Taṃ satthā mahākaruṇāsamāpattito vuṭṭhāya lokaṃ volokento ñāṇajāle paññāyamānaṃ disvā, “kiṃ nu kho bhavissatī”ti āvajjento, “esa mama santike asubhakathaṃ sutvā kāmesu virattacitto hutvā pabbajitvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇissatī”ti ñatvā ākāsena tattha gantvā–

567. “Nānākulamalasampuṇṇo mahā-ukkārasambhavo;

candanikaṃva paripakkaṃ, mahāgaṇḍo mahāvaṇo.

568. “Pubbaruhirasampuṇṇo, gūthakūpena gāḷhito;

āpopaggharaṇo kāyo, sadā sandati pūtikaṃ.

569. “Saṭṭhikaṇḍarasambandho, maṃsalepanalepito;

cammakañcukasannaddho, pūtikāyo niratthako.

570. “Aṭṭhisaṅghātaghaṭito, nhārusuttanibandhano;

nekesaṃ saṃgatībhāvā, kappeti iriyāpathaṃ.

571. “Dhuvappayāto maraṇāya, maccurājassa santike;

idheva chaḍḍayitvāna, yenakāmaṅgamo naro.

572. “Avijjāya nivuto kāyo, catuganthena ganthito;

oghasaṃsīdano kāyo, anusayājālamotthato.

573. “Pañcanīvaraṇe yutto, vitakkena samappito;

taṇhāmūlenānugato, mohacchādanachādito.

574. “Evāyaṃ vattate kāyo, kammayantena yantito;

sampatti ca vipatyantā, nānābhāvo vipajjati.

575. “Yemaṃ kāyaṃ mamāyanti, andhabālā puthujjanā;

vaḍḍhenti kaṭasiṃ ghoraṃ, ādiyanti punabbhavaṃ.

576. “Yemaṃ kāyaṃ vivajjenti, gūthalittaṃva pannagaṃ;

bhavamūlaṃ vamitvāna, parinibbissantināsavā”ti.–

Imāhi gāthāhi tassa asubhakathaṃ kathesi. So satthu sammukhā anekākāravokāraṃ yāthāvato sarīrasabhāvavibhāvanaṃ asubhakathaṃ sutvā sakena kāyena aṭṭīyamāno harāyamāno jigucchamāno saṃviggahadayo satthāraṃ vanditvā, “labheyyāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavato santike pabbajjan”ti pabbajjaṃ yāci. Satthā samīpe ṭhitamaññataraṃ bhikkhuṃ āṇāpesi– “gaccha, bhikkhu, imaṃ pabbājetvā upasampādetvā ānehī”ti. So taṃ tacapañcakakammaṭṭhānaṃ datvā pabbājesi. So khuraggeyeva saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. tera 1.4.102-107)–

“Siddhatthassa bhagavato, thūpaseṭṭhassa sammukhā;
vicittadusse lagetvā, kapparukkhaṃ ṭhapesahaṃ.
“Yaṃ yaṃ yonupapajjāmi, devattaṃ atha mānusaṃ;
sobhayanto mama dvāraṃ, kapparukkho patiṭṭhati.
“Ahañca parisā ceva, ye keci mamavassitā;
tamhā dussaṃ gahetvāna, nivāsema mayaṃ sadā.
“Catunnavutito kappe, yaṃ rukkhaṃ ṭhapayiṃ ahaṃ;
duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, kapparukkhassidaṃ phalaṃ.
“Ito ca sattame kappe, suceḷā aṭṭha khattiyā;
sattaratanasampannā, cakkavattī mahabbalā.
“Paṭisambhidā catasso…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan”ti;

arahattaṃ pana patvā laddhūpasampado satthāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā vanditvā ekamantaṃ nisinno aññaṃ byākaronto tā eva gāthā abhāsi; teneva tā theragāthā nāma jātā;

tattha nānākulamalasampuṇṇoti, nānākulehi nānābhāgehi malehi sampuṇṇo, kesalomādinānāvidha-asucikoṭṭhāsabharitoti attho; mahā-ukkārasambhavoti, ukkāro vuccati vaccakūpaṃ; yattakavayā mātā, tattakaṃ kālaṃ kārapariseditavaccakūpasadisatāya mātu kucchi idha “mahā-ukkāro”ti adhippeto; so kucchi sambhavo uppattiṭṭhānaṃ etassāti mahā-ukkārasambhavo; candanikaṃvāti candanikaṃ nāma ucchiṭṭhodakagabbhamalādīnaṃ chaḍḍanaṭṭhānaṃ, yaṃ jaṇṇumattaṃ asucibharitampi hoti, tādisanti attho; paripakkanti, pariṇataṃ purāṇaṃ; tena yathā caṇḍālagāmadvāre nidāghasamaye thullaphusitake deve vassante udakena samupabyūḷhamuttakarīsa-aṭṭhicammanhārukhaṇḍakheḷasiṅghāṇikādinānākuṇapabharitaṃ kaddamodakāluḷitaṃ katipayadivasātikkamena saṃjāta kimikulākulaṃ sūriyātapasantāpakuthitaṃ upari pheṇapubbuḷakāni muñcantaṃ abhinīlavaṇṇaṃ paramaduggandhaṃ jegucchaṃ candanikāvāṭaṃ neva upagantuṃ, na daṭṭhuṃ araharūpaṃ hutvā tiṭṭhati, tathārūpoyaṃ kāyoti dasseti; sadā dukkhatāmūlayogato asucipaggharaṇato uppādajarāmaraṇehi uddhumāyanaparipaccanabhijjanasabhāvattā ca mahanto gaṇḍo viyāti mahāgaṇḍo; sabbatthakameva dukkhavedanānubaddhattā gaṇḍānaṃ sahanato asucivissandanato ca mahanto vaṇo viyāti mahāvaṇo gūthakūpena gāḷitoti, vaccakūpena vacceneva vā bharito; “gūthakūpanigāḷhito”tipi pāḷi, vaccakūpato nikkhantoti attho; āpopaggharaṇo kāyo, sadā sandati pūtikanti, ayaṃ kāyo āpodhātuyā sadā paggharaṇasīlo, tañca kho pittasemhasedamuttādikaṃ pūtikaṃ asuciṃyeva sandati, na kadāci sucinti attho;

saṭṭhikaṇḍarasambandhoti gīvāya uparimabhāgato paṭṭhāya sarīraṃ vinaddhamānā sarīrassa purimapacchimadakkhiṇavāmapassesu paccekaṃ pañca pañca katvā vīsati, hatthapāde vinaddhamānā tesaṃ purimapacchimapassesu pañca pañca katvā cattālīsāti saṭṭhiyā kaṇḍarehi mahānhārūhi sabbaso baddho vinaddhoti saṭṭhikaṇḍarasambandho; maṃsalepanalepitoti, maṃsasaṅkhātena lepanena litto, navamaṃsapesisatānulittoti attho; cammakañcukasannaddhoti, cammasaṅkhātena kañcukena sabbaso onaddho pariyonaddho paricchinno; pūtikāyoti, sabbaso pūtigandhiko kāyo; niratthakoti, nippayojano; aññesañhi pāṇīnaṃ kāyo cammādiviniyogena siyā sappayojano, na tathā manussakāyoti; aṭṭhisaṅghātaghaṭitoti, atirekatisatānaṃ aṭṭhīnaṃ saṅghātena ghaṭito sambandho; nhārusuttanibandhanoti, suttasadisehi navahi nhārusatehi nibandhito; nekesaṃ saṃgatībhāvāti, catumahābhūtajīvitindriya-assāsapassāsaviññāṇādīnaṃ samavāyasambandhena suttamerakasamavāyena yantaṃ viya ṭhānādi-iriyāpathaṃ kappeti;

dhuvappayāto maraṇāyāti, maraṇassa atthāya ekantagamano, nibbattito paṭṭhāya maraṇaṃ pati pavatto; tato eva maccurājassa maraṇassa santike ṭhito; idheva chaḍḍayitvānāti, imasmiṃyeva loke kāyaṃ chaḍḍetvā, yathārucitaṭṭhānagāmī ayaṃ satto, tasmā “pahāya gamanīyo ayaṃ kāyo”ti evampi saṅgo na kātabboti dasseti;

avijjāya nivutoti, avijjānīvaraṇena nivuto paṭicchāditādīnavo, aññathā ko ettha saṅgaṃ janeyyāti adhippāyo; catuganthenāti, abhijjhākāyaganthādinā catubbidhena ganthena ganthito, ganthaniyabhāvena vinaddhito; oghasaṃsīdanoti, oghaniyabhāvena kāmoghādīsu catūsu oghesu saṃsīdanako; appahīnabhāvena santāne anu anu sentīti anusayā, kāmarāgādayo anusayā; tesaṃ jālena otthato abhibhūtoti anusayājālamotthato; makāro padasandhikaro, gāthāsukhatthaṃ dīghaṃ katvā vuttaṃ; kāmacchandādinā pañcavidhena nīvaraṇena yutto adhimuttoti pañcanīvaraṇe yutto, karaṇatthe bhummavacanaṃ;

kāmavitakkādinā micchāvitakkena samappito samassitoti vitakkena samappito; taṇhāmūlenānugatoti, taṇhāsaṅkhātena bhavamūlena anubaddho; mohacchādanachāditoti, sammohasaṅkhātena āvaraṇena paliguṇṭhito; sabbametaṃ saviññāṇakaṃ karajakāyaṃ sandhāya vadati; saviññāṇako hi attabhāvo “ucchinnabhavanettiko, bhikkhave, tathāgatassa kāyo tiṭṭhati, ayañceva kāyo bahiddhā ca nāmarūpan”ti-ādīsu (dī. ni. 1.1.147) kāyoti vuccati, evāyaṃ vattate kāyoti evaṃ “nānākulamalasampuṇṇo”ti-ādinā “avijjāya nivuto”ti-ādinā ca vuttappakārena ayaṃ kāyo vattati, vattanto ca kammayantena sukatadukkaṭena kammasaṅkhātena yantena yantito saṅghaṭito; yathā vā khemantaṃ gantuṃ na sakkoti, tathā saṅkhobhito sugatiduggatīsu vattati paribbhamati; sampatti ca vipatyantāti yā ettha sampatti, sā vipattipariyosānā; sabbañhi yobbanaṃ jarāpariyosānaṃ, sabbaṃ ārogyaṃ byādhipariyosānaṃ, sabbaṃ jīvitaṃ maraṇapariyosānaṃ, sabbo samāgamo viyogapariyosāno; tenāha “nānābhāvo vipajjatī”ti; nānābhāvoti, vinābhāvo vippayogo, so kadāci vippayuñjakassa vasena, kadāci vippayuñjitabbassa vasenāti vividhaṃ pajjati pāpuṇīyati;

yemaṃ kāyaṃ mamāyantīti ye andhabālā puthujjanā evaṃ asubhaṃ aniccaṃ adhuvaṃ dukkhaṃ asāraṃ imaṃ kāyaṃ “mama idan”ti gaṇhantā mamāyanti chandarāgaṃ uppādenti, te jāti-ādīhi nirayādīhi ca ghoraṃ bhayānakaṃ apaṇḍitehi abhiramitabbato kaṭasisaṅkhātaṃ saṃsāraṃ punappunaṃ jananamaraṇādīhi vaḍḍhenti, tenāha “ādiyanti punabbhavan”ti;

yemaṃ kāyaṃ vivajjenti, gūthalittaṃva pannaganti yathā nāma puriso sukhakāmo jīvitukāmo gūthagataṃ āsīvisaṃ disvā jigucchaniyatāya vā sappaṭibhayatāya vā vivajjeti na allīyati, evamevaṃ ye paṇḍitā kulaputtā asucibhāvena jegucchaṃ aniccādibhāvena sappaṭibhayaṃ imaṃ kāyaṃ vivajjenti chandarāgappahānena pajahanti; te bhavamūlaṃ avijjaṃ bhavataṇhañca vamitvā chaḍḍetvā accantameva pahāya tato eva sabbaso anāsavā sa-upādisesāya anupādisesāya ca nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyissantīti;

kappattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā;