9. Anuruddhattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Pahāya mātāpitaroti-ādikā āyasmato anuruddhattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle vibhavasampanno kuṭumbiko hutvā nibbatti. So ekadivasaṃ vihāraṃ gantvā satthu santike dhammaṃ suṇanto satthāraṃ ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ dibbacakkhukānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapentaṃ disvā sayampi taṃ ṭhānantaraṃ patthetvā satasahassabhikkhuparivārassa bhagavato sattāhaṃ mahādānaṃ pavattetvā sattame divase bhagavato, bhikkhusaṅghassa ca uttamāni vatthāni datvā paṇidhānamakāsi. Satthāpissa anantarāyena samijjhanabhāvaṃ disvā “anāgate gotamassa nāma sammāsambuddhassa sāsane dibbacakkhukānaṃ aggo bhavissatī”ti byākāsi. Sopi tattha puññāni karonto satthari parinibbute niṭṭhite sattayojanike suvaṇṇacetiye anekasahassehi dīparukkhehi dīpakapallikāhi ca “dibbacakkhuñāṇassa upanissayapaccayo hotū”ti uḷāraṃ dīpapūjaṃ akāsi.

Evaṃ yāvajīvaṃ puññāni katvā devamanussesu saṃsaranto kassapassa bhagavato kāle bārāṇasiyaṃ kuṭumbikagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto satthari parinibbute niṭṭhite yojanike kanakathūpe bahū kaṃsapātiyo kāretvā sappimaṇḍassa pūretvā majjhe ekekaṃ guḷapiṇḍaṃ ṭhapetvā mukhavaṭṭiyā mukhavaṭṭiṃ phusāpento cetiyaṃ parikkhipāpetvā attanā ekaṃ mahatiṃ kaṃsapātiṃ kāretvā sappimaṇḍassa pūretvā sahassavaṭṭiyo jālāpetvā sīse ṭhapetvā sabbarattiṃ cetiyaṃ anupariyāyi.

Evaṃ tasmimpi attabhāve yāvajīvaṃ kusalaṃ katvā tato cuto devaloke nibbattitvā tattha yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā tato cuto anuppanne buddhe bārāṇasiyaṃyeva duggatakule nibbatti, annabhārotissa nāmaṃ ahosi. So sumanaseṭṭhissa nāma gehe kammaṃ karonto jīvati. So ekadivasaṃ upariṭṭhaṃ nāma paccekabuddhaṃ nirodhasamāpattito vuṭṭhāya gandhamādanapabbatato ākāsenāgantvā bārāṇasīnagaradvāre otaritvā cīvaraṃ pārupitvā nagare piṇḍāya pavisantaṃ disvā pasannacitto pattaṃ gahetvā attano atthāya ṭhapitaṃ ekaṃ bhāgabhattaṃ patte pakkhipitvā paccekabuddhassa dātukāmo ārabhi. Bhariyāpissa attano bhāgabhattaṃ tattheva pakkhipi. So taṃ netvā paccekabuddhassa hatthe ṭhapesi. Paccekabuddho taṃ gahetvā anumodanaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Taṃ disvā rattiṃ sumanaseṭṭhissa chatte adhivatthā devatā “aho dānaṃ paramadānaṃ, upariṭṭhe, suppatiṭṭhitan”ti mahāsaddena anumodi. Taṃ sutvā sumanaseṭṭhi “evaṃ devatāya anumoditaṃ idameva uttamadānan”ti cintetvā tattha pattiṃ yāci. Annabhāro pana tassa pattiṃ adāsi. Tena pasannacitto sumanaseṭṭhi tassa sahassaṃ datvā “ito paṭṭhāya tuyhaṃ sahatthena kammakaraṇakiccaṃ natthi, patirūpaṃ gehaṃ katvā niccaṃ vasāhī”ti āha.

Yasmā nirodhato vuṭṭhitassa paccekabuddhassa dinnapiṇḍapāto taṃdivasameva uḷārataravipāko hoti, tasmā taṃdivasaṃ sumanaseṭṭhi rañño santikaṃ gacchanto taṃ gahetvā agamāsi. Rājā pana taṃ ādaravasena olokesi. Seṭṭhi “mahārāja, ayaṃ oloketabbayuttoyevā”ti vatvā tadā tena katapuññaṃ attanāpissa sahassaṃ dinnabhāvaṃ kathesi. Taṃ sutvā rājā tussitvā sahassaṃ datvā asukasmiṃ nāma ṭhāne gehaṃ katvā vasā”ti gehaṭṭhānamassa āṇāpesi. Tassa taṃ ṭhānaṃ sodhāpentassa mahantiyo nidhikumbhiyo uṭṭhahiṃsu. Tā disvā so rañño ārocesi. Rājā sabbaṃ dhanaṃ uddharāpetvā rāsikataṃ disvā “ettakaṃ dhanaṃ imasmiṃ nagare kassa gehe atthī”ti? “Na kassaci, devā”ti. “Tena hi ayaṃ annabhāro imasmiṃ nagare mahādhanaseṭṭhi nāma hotū”ti taṃdivasameva tassa seṭṭhichattaṃ ussāpesi.

So tato paṭṭhāya yāvajīvaṃ kusalakammaṃ katvā tato cuto devamanussesu saṃsaritvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde kapilavatthunagare sukkodanasakkassa gehe paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhi, anuruddhotissa nāmaṃ ahosi. So mahānāmassa sakkassa kaniṭṭhabhātā, satthu cūḷapitu putto paramasukhumālo mahāpuñño tiṇṇaṃ utūnaṃ anucchavikesu tīsu pāsādesu alaṅkatanāṭakitthīhi parivuto devo viya sampattiṃ anubhavanto suddhodanamahārājena ussāhitehi sakyarājūhi satthu parivāratthaṃ pesitehi bhaddiyakumārādīhi anupiyambavane viharantaṃ satthāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā satthu santike pabbajitvā antovasseyeva dibbacakkhuṃ nibbattetvā, puna dhammasenāpatissa santike kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā cetiyaraṭṭhe pācīnavaṃsadāyaṃ gantvā samaṇadhammaṃ karonto sattamahāpurisavitakke vitakketvā aṭṭhamaṃ jānituṃ nāsakkhi. Tassa taṃ pavattiṃ ñatvā satthā aṭṭhamaṃ mahāpurisavitakkaṃ kathetvā catupaccayasantosabhāvanārāmapaṭimaṇḍitaṃ mahā-ariyavaṃsapaṭipadaṃ deseti. So desanānusārena vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā abhiññāpaṭisambhidāparivāraṃ arahattaṃ sacchākāsi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 1.1.421-433)–

“Sumedhaṃ bhagavantāhaṃ, lokajeṭṭhaṃ narāsabhaṃ;
vūpakaṭṭhaṃ viharantaṃ, addasaṃ lokanāyakaṃ.
“Upagantvāna sambuddhaṃ, sumedhaṃ lokanāyakaṃ;
añjaliṃ paggahetvāna, buddhaseṭṭhamayācahaṃ.
“Anukampa mahāvīra, lokajeṭṭha narāsabha;
padīpaṃ te padassāmi, rukkhamūlamhi jhāyato.
“Adhivāsesi so dhīro, sayambhū vadataṃ varo;
dumesu vinivijjhitvā, yantaṃ yojiyahaṃ tadā.
“Sahassavaṭṭiṃ pādāsiṃ, buddhassa lokabandhuno;
sattāhaṃ pajjalitvāna, dīpā vūpasamiṃsu me.
“Tena cittappasādena, cetanāpaṇidhīhi ca;
jahitvā mānusaṃ dehaṃ, vimānamupapajjahaṃ.
“Upapannassa devattaṃ, byamhaṃ āsi sunimmitaṃ;
samantato pajjalati, dīpadānassidaṃ phalaṃ.
“Samantā yojanasataṃ, virocesimahaṃ tadā;
sabbe deve abhibhomi, dīpadānassidaṃ phalaṃ.
“Tiṃsakappāni devindo, devarajjamakārayiṃ;
na maṃ kecītimaññanti, dīpadānassidaṃ phalaṃ.
“Aṭṭhavīsatikkhattuñca, cakkavattī ahosahaṃ;
divā rattiñca passāmi, samantā yojanaṃ tadā.
“Sahassalokaṃ ñāṇena, passāmi satthu sāsane;
dibbacakkhumanuppatto, dīpadānassidaṃ phalaṃ.
“Sumedho nāma sambuddho, tiṃsakappasahassito;
tassa dīpo mayā dinno, vippasannena cetasā.
“Paṭisambhidā catasso…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan”ti;

atha naṃ satthā aparabhāge jetavanamahāvihāre ariyagaṇamajjhe nisinno dibbacakkhukānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapesi “etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dibbacakkhukānaṃ yadidaṃ anuruddho”ti (a. ni. 1.180, 192);

so vimuttisukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedī viharanto ekadivasaṃ attano paṭipattiṃ paccavekkhitvā pītisomanassajāto udānavasena “pahāya mātāpitaro”ti-ādikā gāthā abhāsi; keci pana “therassa pabbajjaṃ arahattappattiñca pakāsentehi saṅgītikārehi ādito catasso gāthā bhāsitā; tato parā therassa ariyavaṃsapaṭipattiyā ārādhitacittena bhagavatā bhāsitā; itarā sabbāpi tena tena kāraṇena thereneva bhāsitā”ti vadanti; iti sabbathāpi imā gāthā therena bhāsitāpi, theraṃ uddissa bhāsitāpi therassa cetā gāthāti veditabbā; seyyathidaṃ–

892. “pahāya mātāpitaro, bhaginī ñātibhātaro;

pañca kāmaguṇe hitvā, anuruddhova jhāyati.

893. “Sameto naccagītehi, sammatāḷappabodhano;

na tena suddhimajjhagaṃ, mārassa visaye rato.

894. “Etañca samatikkamma, rato buddhassa sāsane;

sabboghaṃ samatikkamma, anuruddhova jhāyati.

895. “Rūpā saddā rasā gandhā, phoṭṭhabbā ca manoramā;

ete ca samatikkamma, anuruddhova jhāyati.

896. “Piṇḍapātamatikkanto, eko adutiyo muni;

esati paṃsukūlāni anuruddho anāsavo.

897. “Vicinī aggahī dhovi, rajayī dhārayī muni;

paṃsukūlāni matimā, anuruddho anāsavo.

898. “Mahiccho ca asantuṭṭho, saṃsaṭṭho yo ca uddhato;

tassa dhammā ime honti, pāpakā saṃkilesikā.

899. “Sato ca hoti appiccho, santuṭṭho avighātavā;

pavivekarato vitto, niccamāraddhavīriyo.

900. “Tassa dhammā ime honti, kusalā bodhipakkhikā;

anāsavo ca so hoti, iti vuttaṃ mahesinā.

901. “Mama saṅkappamaññāya, satthā loke anuttaro;

manomayena kāyena, iddhiyā upasaṅkami.

902. “Yadā me ahu saṅkappo, tato uttari desayi;

nippapañcarato buddho, nippapañcamadesayi.

903. “Tassāhaṃ dhammamaññāya, vihāsiṃ sāsane rato;

tisso vijjā anuppattā, kataṃ buddhassa sāsanaṃ.

904. “Pañcapaññāsavassāni, yato nesajjiko ahaṃ;

pañcavīsativassāni, yato middhaṃ samūhataṃ.

905. “Nāhu assāsapassāsā, ṭhitacittassa tādino;

anejo santimārabbha, cakkhumā parinibbuto.

906. “Asallīnena cittena, vedanaṃ ajjhavāsayi;

pajjotasseva nibbānaṃ, vimokkho cetaso ahu.

907. “Ete pacchimakā dāni, munino phassapañcamā;

nāññe dhammā bhavissanti, sambuddhe parinibbute.

908. “Natthi dāni punāvāso, devakāyasmi jālini;

vikkhīṇo jātisaṃsāro, natthi dāni punabbhavo.

909. “Yassa muhuttena sahassadhā, loko saṃvidito sabrahmakappo;

vasī iddhiguṇe cutūpapāte, kāle passati devatā sa bhikkhu.

910. “Annabhāro pure āsiṃ, daliddo ghāsahārako;

samaṇaṃ paṭipādesiṃ, upariṭṭhaṃ yasassinaṃ.

911. “Somhi sakyakule jāto, anuruddhoti maṃ vidū;

upeto naccagītehi, sammatāḷappabodhano.

912. “Athaddasāsiṃ sambuddhaṃ, satthāraṃ akutobhayaṃ;

tasmiṃ cittaṃ pasādetvā, pabbajiṃ anagāriyaṃ.

913. “Pubbenivāsaṃ jānāmi, yattha me vusitaṃ pure;

tāvatiṃsesu devesu, aṭṭhāsiṃ sakkajātiyā.

914. “Sattakkhattuṃ manussindo, ahaṃ rajjamakārayiṃ;

cāturanto vijitāvī, jambusaṇḍassa issaro;
adaṇḍena asatthena, dhammena anusāsayiṃ.

915. “Ito satta tato satta, saṃsārāni catuddasa;

nivāsamabhijānissaṃ, devaloke ṭhito tadā.

916. “Pañcaṅgike samādhimhi, sante ekodibhāvite;

paṭippassaddhiladdhamhi, dibbacakkhu visujjhi me.

917. “Cutūpapātaṃ jānāmi, sattānaṃ āgatiṃ gatiṃ;

itthabhāvaññathābhāvaṃ, jhāne pañcaṅgike ṭhito.

918. “Pariciṇṇo mayā satthā…pe… bhavanetti samūhatā;

919. “vajjīnaṃ veḷuvagāme, ahaṃ jīvitasaṅkhayā;